{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T07:03:25Z","timestamp":1785135805279,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":206,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      is responsible for life\u2010threatening enterococcal infections. This study is aimed at investigating virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and molecular characteristics of clinical\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 42\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates were collected. Antimicrobial resistance and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of vancomycin and gentamicin were determined using standard microbroth dilution method. The presence of virulence, antibiotic resistance, and CRISPR\u2010Cas genes was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Biofilm formation was also assessed, and the genetic diversity of the isolates was analyzed using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus\u2010polymerase chain reaction (ERIC\u2010PCR).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The highest resistance rates were observed for gentamicin and ampicillin, and all isolates were high\u2010level gentamicin resistant (HLGR) (MICs \u2265\u2009500\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                      g\/mL). Vancomycin resistance was detected in 15 isolates (35.7%) (MICs \u2265\u200932\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                      g\/mL). Thirty\u2010nine isolates (92.8%) were biofilm producers. The\n                      <jats:italic>efaA<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene was the most frequently detected (95.2%), followed by\n                      <jats:italic>esp<\/jats:italic>\n                      (69%),\n                      <jats:italic>gelE<\/jats:italic>\n                      (66.6%),\n                      <jats:italic>ace<\/jats:italic>\n                      (66.6%), and\n                      <jats:italic>asa1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (57.1%). The\n                      <jats:italic>aac<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>6<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\n                      <jats:sup>\u2032<\/jats:sup>\n                      )\n                      <jats:italic>-Ie-aph<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\n                      <jats:sup>\u2033<\/jats:sup>\n                      )\n                      <jats:italic>-Ia<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene was detected in all isolates (100%), followed by\n                      <jats:italic>ermB<\/jats:italic>\n                      (78.6%),\n                      <jats:italic>ermA<\/jats:italic>\n                      (38.1%),\n                      <jats:italic>ermC<\/jats:italic>\n                      (23.8%), and\n                      <jats:italic>vanA<\/jats:italic>\n                      (19%). CRISPR3 was the most frequently detected locus (80.95%), followed by CRISPR1 (50%), CRISPR1\u2010cas\n                      <jats:italic>csn1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (23.8%), and CRISPR2 (9.5%). The CRISPR3\u2010cas\n                      <jats:italic>csn1<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene was not detected in any isolate. High heterogeneity was observed among the isolates, with 35 different ERIC types identified.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study demonstrated notable resistance traits and high genetic diversity among clinical\n                      <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates, but no statistically significant association was found between CRISPR\u2010Cas genes and phenotypic or genotypic resistance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijm\/5903066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T06:40:35Z","timestamp":1785134435000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular Profiling of CRISPR\u2010Cas System, Virulence Traits, and Antimicrobial Resistance in\n                    <i>Enterococcus faecalis<\/i>\n                    Clinical Isolates"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5307-2833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moein","family":"Nikravan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6869-2301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamid","family":"Heidari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5143-3178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeed","family":"Khoshnood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2142-1600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sobhan","family":"Ghafourian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4590-396X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hossein","family":"Kazemian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3129439"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.2.296"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-022-02753-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy064"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.70063"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/folmed.63.e53506"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13110966"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12010108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2015.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.GPP3-0053-2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2018.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762013000500009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S247271"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01454-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00227-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S370869"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.3.1.46"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.1.24-27.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/313949"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/46.4.527"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","unstructured":"CLSI Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 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