{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T22:30:01Z","timestamp":1773009001864,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":313,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the present study, the probable association of virulence\u2010associated genes (VAGs) with antibiotic resistance and also sample sources in\n                      <jats:italic>Proteus<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates was investigated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Then, 91\n                      <jats:italic>Proteus mirabilis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and nine\n                      <jats:italic>Proteus vulgaris<\/jats:italic>\n                      were used in this study. The disk diffusion method was used in order to perform an antibiotic susceptibility assessment. A combination double\u2010disc synergy test was used for the evaluation of extended\u2010spectrum\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010lactamases. Eight VAGs were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. ERIC\u2010PCR fingerprinting was also performed for\n                      <jats:italic>P. mirabilis<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Maximum frequency of resistance was detected against trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole combination in\n                      <jats:italic>P. mirabilis<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates and against cefalexin in\n                      <jats:italic>P. vulgaris<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates. Then, 6% of isolates were multidrug\u2010resistant (MDR) and all were\n                      <jats:italic>P. mirabilis.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Community\u2010acquired (CA) isolates were more virulent than hospital\u2010acquired (HA) isolates. The\n                      <jats:italic>zapA<\/jats:italic>\n                      (98%) and\n                      <jats:italic>atfA<\/jats:italic>\n                      (77%) were the most common and less common VAGs, respectively. The study findings showed that\n                      <jats:italic>mrpA<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>atfA<\/jats:italic>\n                      genes were predictors of sensitivity to some antibiotic agents. The\n                      <jats:italic>rsbA<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene could also be similarly used in order to distinguish CA isolates from HA isolates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Higher virulence potential of CA isolates in comparison to the HA isolates is suggested. Amikacin, tobramycin, and meropenem were introduced as the most effective antibiotics against\n                      <jats:italic>Proteus<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates. Our finding primarily introduced some VAGs as biomarkers for predicting antibiotic susceptibility and also in order to differentiate\n                      <jats:italic>Proteus<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates. However, it has to be confirmed through complementary studies later.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijm\/6022851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T11:41:41Z","timestamp":1762774901000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Some Virulence\u2010Associated Genes of\n                    <i>Proteus<\/i>\n                    Isolates Could Predict Antibiotic Susceptibility and Even Infection Source"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6256-5348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narges","family":"Jafari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5636-7037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roya","family":"Ahmadrajabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5562-8079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omid","family":"Tadjrobehkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00256"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina58020271"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2020.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00414"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.6.3607-3613.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S230303"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05152-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2010.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2007.00284.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcsw.2022.100075"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/ecosalplus.esp-0009-2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.61.1.65-89.1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000514097"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1231807"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ram.2023.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.05998-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.19.6789-6803.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00649-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2004.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(88)90053-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_2","volume-title":"Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology-E-Book: Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology-E-Book","author":"Mahon C. 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