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Consequently, there is a need for the development of novel antifungals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study evaluated the in vivo toxicity and efficacy of three peptides with antimicrobial properties, RR, D\u2010RR, and WR that exhibit in vitro antifungal activity and are bioinspired from the\n                      <jats:italic>Vigna unguiculata<\/jats:italic>\n                      defensin\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010core.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using\n                      <jats:italic>Galleria mellonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      larvae, infections were established with a clinical strain of\n                      <jats:italic>Candida tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      over a 144\u2010h period. Toxicity and efficacy were evaluated through survival assays, hemocyte density measurements, fungal load quantification, and health index monitoring. Peptides were administered in multiple doses over time.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fungal lethal doses (FLD) in\n                      <jats:italic>G. mellonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      were 1 \u00d7 10\n                      <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009cells\/mL for\n                      <jats:italic>C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and 0.5 \u00d7 10\n                      <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009cells\/mL for\n                      <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Peptide lethal doses were 41\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                      M (RR) and 32\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                      M (D\u2010RR) for\n                      <jats:italic>C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and 60\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n                      M (WR) for\n                      <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      . All treatments were nontoxic. Survival of infected larvae was 93.3% with RR and D\u2010RR. Among peptides, WR showed the greatest efficacy, achieving 100% survival and outperforming fluconazole, while supporting continued larval development. The peptides exerted inhibitory effects within the in vivo tissue environment of\n                      <jats:italic>G. mellonella<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings indicate that the peptides are promising safe antifungal candidates, warranting further investigation into their mechanisms of action and stability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijm\/7272293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T13:06:19Z","timestamp":1783775179000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vivo Evaluation of Efficacy and Toxicity of Bioinspired Peptides With Antimicrobial Properties Against Fungal Infection in\n                    <i>Galleria 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