{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:39:57Z","timestamp":1792589997892,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":293,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The global spread of extended\u2010spectrum\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010lactamase (ESBL)\u2013producing Enterobacterales in livestock poses critical threats to human and animal health, particularly in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries. This study investigated the prevalence, antibiotic resistance profiles, and genetic determinants of ESBL\u2010producing Enterobacterales in healthy chickens from poultry farms in Grand\u2010Abidjan and Korhogo, C\u00f4te d\u2032Ivoire, alongside antibiotic use practices in the sector.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A semistructured questionnaire assessed veterinary practices across 26 farms, whereas chicken fecal samples from 27 farms were screened for third\u2010generation cephalosporin\u2010resistant Enterobacterales. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of ESBL producers was performed, along with antimicrobial susceptibility testing against 12 antibiotics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All farmers reported antibiotic use, primarily tetracyclines (76.9%), macrolides (69.2%), polymyxins (61.5%), aminoglycosides (57.7%), and sulfonamides (53.8%), mainly for disease prophylaxis (65.38%) and often without veterinary supervision. ESBL\u2010producing Enterobacterales were detected in 96.3% (26\/27) of fecal samples, yielding 90 isolates identified as clinically relevant species:\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (42.2%, 38\/90),\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      (38.9%, 35\/90), and\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (18.9%, 17\/90). Overall, 74.8% (63\/90) of isolates were resistant to trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole and 57.8% to amoxicillin\u2013clavulanic acid, whereas no resistance to carbapenems was observed. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>SHV<\/jats:sub>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub>\n                      genes, with\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n                      being the most prevalent (77.8%, 70\/90), followed by\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>SHV<\/jats:sub>\n                      (54.4%, 49\/90) and\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub>\n                      (31.1%, 28\/90). These genes were coexpressed in half of all isolates, predominantly in\n                      <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights the widespread dissemination of ESBL\u2010producing Enterobacterales in poultry farms in C\u00f4te d\u2032Ivoire, emphasizing the role of poultry as a reservoir for resistant bacteria and underscoring the urgent need for integrated surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship within a One Health framework.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijm\/7418124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:49:58Z","timestamp":1792586998000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antimicrobial Usage and Presence of Extended\u2010Spectrum\n                    <i>\u03b2<\/i>\n                    \u2010Lactamase\u2013Producing Enterobacterales in Healthy Chickens From Farms in Grand\u2010Abidjan and Korhogo, C\u00f4te d\u2032Ivoire"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7848-117X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christiane You","family":"Essoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biotechnology and Agro-Food Valorization UFR of Biological Sciences Universite Peleforo Gon Coulibaly  Korhogo Ivory 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