{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T08:50:13Z","timestamp":1791795013435,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":284,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most materials used in endodontic procedures may cause tooth discoloration. This study aimed to compare coronal tooth discoloration after application of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and polycarboxylate cement containing 5\u2009wt% potassium nitrate (PCPN) as vital pulp therapy materials in the presence and absence of blood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixty\u2010eight extracted human single\u2010rooted anterior and premolar teeth were selected, prepared, and standardized to 5\u2009mm root length. After access cavity preparation and enlargement of canals up to Glidden drills #6, cylindrical pieces of white sponge were placed into the canals up to the cementoenamel junction. Specimens were then randomly assigned into two experimental groups (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200930 each) in which the sponge was saturated with blood or saline solution. In each group, the pulp chambers were filled with 3\u2010mm thickness of MTA or PCPN (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200915 each) and cavities were sealed with composite after 24\u2009h. Eight additional teeth (four in each of the blood and saline groups) were prepared without placement of any pulp capping material. All samples were incubated at 37\u00b0C and 100% humidity. Color changes (\u0394\n                      <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) were measured using a spectrophotometer at baseline, 1 day, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, one\u2010way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc, and paired\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010tests (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A significant interaction was observed between time and groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). In the absence of blood, there was no significant difference in discoloration between MTA and PCPN. In the presence of blood, MTA showed greater discoloration at 3 and 6 months compared with PCPN (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Tooth color change in both experimental groups increased after 1 month (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MTA exhibited more severe tooth discoloration than PCPN when used in the presence of blood. Both materials showed increased discoloration after 1 month.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijod\/1663827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T08:43:32Z","timestamp":1791794612000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of Tooth Discoloration Induced by Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Polycarboxylate Cement Containing Potassium Nitrate in the Presence and Absence of Blood: An Ex Vivo Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0174-1348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Adl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics Biomaterials Research Center School of Dentistry Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran  sums.ac.ir"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2992-1327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fereshte","family":"Sobhnamayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran  sums.ac.ir"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1597-4567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maziyar","family":"Ghani Kolahloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee School of Dentistry Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran  sums.ac.ir"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12572"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.2012.01141.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","article-title":"Vital Pulp Therapy: Evidence-Based Techniques and Outcomes","volume":"20","author":"Asgary S.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Iranian Endodontic Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2334\/josnusd.24-0452"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(06)80967-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.70044"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5395\/rde.2025.50.e32"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app15094699"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2018.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04103-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2014.01.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/JCD.JCD_466_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757201302254"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.DON.0000133156.85164.B2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2015.08.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-3327.270787"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app10175793"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-026-01476-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(83)90197-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","first-page":"36","article-title":"Early Clinical Results From the use of 5% Potassium Nitrate in Polycarboxylate Cement for Biological Treatment of Reversible Pulpitis","volume":"45","author":"Tsanova S. 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