{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T15:38:50Z","timestamp":1778773130990,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":241,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of local anesthesia (LA) for dental treatment of children under general anesthesia (GA) on physiologic parameters of patients and recovery of the patients. This information is important because currently, no guidelines exist to define the usage of local anesthetics in dental cases under GA.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study was designed as a double\u2010blinded randomized clinical trial. Intraoperatively, physiologic parameters, including heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), arterial oxygen saturation, and end\u2010tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) were observed during points of potential stimulation, and the corresponding time was recorded from the monitor of the operation room. The Aldrete scoring system was then recorded for all the included participants.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    There were 34 children (55.9% boys, 44.1% girls, age 2\u20137 years) for whom the dental treatment was done under GA in the study. The mean age was 4.08\u2009\u00b1\u20091.31 years. ETCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    was significantly lower in the group that received LA than in those that did not (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009 &lt; 0.05). Aldrete\u2019s score in the group that received LA was significantly higher than that did not (9 vs. 9.47\u2009\u00b1\u20090.51,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.002).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In conclusion, we found LA provides better intraoperative vital sign stability, particularly regarding heart rate and ETCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Also, patients who did not receive LA had statistically significantly higher ETCO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    than those patients who received LA.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20220425054651N1\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijod\/4297430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T14:04:57Z","timestamp":1756562697000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of the Effect of Local Anesthesia for Dental Treatment on Physiological Parameters and Recovery Outcomes in Children Undergoing Dental Treatment Under General Anesthesia"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Baghalian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bita","family":"Malekianzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Ghadimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3967-0127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Hassan","family":"Hamrah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1119-3077.156887"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491012500202"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","first-page":"95","article-title":"Clinical Guideline on the Elective Use of Minimal, Moderate, and Deep Sedation and General Anesthesia for Pediatric Dental Patients","volume":"26","author":"American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatric Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","first-page":"243","volume-title":"The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry","author":"American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2344\/0003-3006-59.2.90"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-60826-8.00024-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-017-0304-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","first-page":"516","article-title":"Articaine Use in Children Among Dental Practitioners","volume":"30","author":"Brickhouse T. H.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatric Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.14868"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnz017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.51463\/cpd.2021.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000014362"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12040368"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","first-page":"273","article-title":"Anesthetic Effectiveness of Articaine and Lidocaine in Pediatric Patients During Dental Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"42","author":"Taneja S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatric Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","unstructured":"BlainK. M. The Use of Inhalation Sedation and Local Anaesthesia as an Alternative to General Anaesthesia for Dental Extractions in Children 1996 The University of Manchester."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","unstructured":"SkardaK. S. The Effect of Local Anesthesia When Used in Dental Restorative Cases Under General Anesthesia on Control of Intraoperative Physiologic Parameters and Post-Operative Comfort 2021 Virginia Commonwealth University."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-013-0027-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-8180(94)00001-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","first-page":"414","article-title":"Local Anesthesia Affects Physiologic Parameters and Reduces Anesthesiologist Intervention in Children Undergoing General Anesthesia for Dental Rehabilitation","volume":"31","author":"Watts A. K.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatric Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dj12090277"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2344\/0003-3006-61.1.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/mbcb\/2018041"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_2","first-page":"422","article-title":"The Use of Local Anesthesia During Dental Rehabilitations: A Survey of AAPD Members","volume":"35","author":"Townsend J. 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