{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T06:07:21Z","timestamp":1788934041892,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":250,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the individual and combined effects of titanium surface treatment (ST), ceramic material (CM), and resin cement (RC) on the color stability of material assemblies used for hybrid abutment crowns following artificial aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Titanium discs (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009160; 10\u2009mm\u2009\u00d7\u20093\u2009mm) were produced and allocated to four ST protocols: untreated control, 50\u2009\u00b5m Al\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      sandblasting, 110\u2009\u00b5m Al\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      sandblasting, and tribochemical silica coating (CoJet). Ceramic components were fabricated using lithium disilicate (LS) and zirconia\u2010reinforced lithium disilicate (ZLS) ceramics and cemented with either an opaque self\u2010curing RC (Multilink Hybrid Abutment Cement) or an opaque dual\u2010curing RC (Panavia V5). Color differences (\u0394\n                      <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>00<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) were measured using a spectrophotometer before and after 5000 thermocycles. Group differences were analyzed using the Kruskal\u2013Wallis and Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      tests. To evaluate the independent and interactive effects of ST, CM, and RC, a three\u2010way factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant differences in \u0394\n                      <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>00<\/jats:sub>\n                      values were observed among the experimental groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). The greatest color change was recorded in ZLS specimens bonded with self\u2010curing RC to 50\u2009\u00b5m Al\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010treated titanium surfaces, whereas the lowest color change was observed in specimens bonded with dual\u2010curing RC to untreated titanium surfaces. Three\u2010way ANOVA demonstrated that ST had a significant main effect on overall color change (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7p<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.362), whereas CM and RC showed no significant independent effects (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05). However, significant interactions between surface treatment and CM, surface treatment and RC, and the three\u2010way interaction indicated that the influence of ceramic type and cement system on color stability depended on the titanium ST.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ST demonstrated the largest independent effect on the color stability of material assemblies used for hybrid abutment crowns after artificial aging. However, the final optical outcome was also influenced by significant interactions among ST, CM, and RC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijod\/6527246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T05:51:44Z","timestamp":1788933104000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multifactorial Evaluation of Color Changes in Material Assemblies Used for Hybrid Abutment Crowns: Role of Ceramics, Surface Treatments, and Resin Cements"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9707-3630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefani","family":"Eken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8433-0472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet","family":"Ak\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8833-5259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fcls\u00fcm Say\u0131n","family":"\u00d6zel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1184-7920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I\u015f\u0131l","family":"Karaokutan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13034"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.52902"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/prd.3893"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13139"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/prosthesis2020011"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2015.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12360"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2017.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.3700"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2022.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CCIDE.S234980"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.3942"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2013.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(12)60194-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2005.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2006.06.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.25.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2842.2001.00625.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-64402010000200004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16237314"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(09)60161-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_2","first-page":"778","article-title":"An In Vitro Comparison of Marginal Microleakage of Four Groups of Temporary Cements in Provisional Crowns","volume":"3","author":"Farah R. 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