{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T06:50:05Z","timestamp":1792047005066,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":286,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tooth bleaching efficiency may be influenced by enamel thickness, but the particular relationship is not well understood. This in vitro study investigated the impact of enamel thickness on color change following bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) or 15% carbamide peroxide (CP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sections were taken from 48 bovine incisors at the cementoenamel junction. Buccal surfaces were cut into 6\u2009\u00d7\u20096\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      blocks and randomly assigned to four enamel thickness groups: intact, 1, 0.5, and 0\u2009mm (exposed dentin). Each group was separated into HP and CP subgroups. All specimen preparation, thickness adjustments, and bleaching procedures were performed by a single trained operator to ensure consistency and minimize bias. A spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade V) was used to evaluate color at baseline and after bleaching. \u0394E00 and the whitening index (WID) were computed. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS v23 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009 &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Repeated measures indicated no significant \u0394E00 change with extra sessions (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009 &gt; 0.05), although WID considerably improved in all groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009 &lt; 0.05), except for complete enamel (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.127). Enamel thickness had a significant effect on findings (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009 &lt; 0.05). Exposed dentin showed higher \u0394E00 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009 &lt; 0.05) but lower WID with CP (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009 &lt; 0.05), while HP was more effective on dentin (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009 &lt; 0.05). The 0.5\u2009mm groups had limited reaction (lowest \u0394E00\/WID,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009 &lt; 0.05).  values increased in enamel (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009 &lt; 0.05), but dropped in dentin. Most groups showed a significant reduction in  values (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009 &lt; 0.05). The clinical relevance of WID was supported by the dissociation of \u0394E00 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009 &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both agents performed best on intact enamel with a thickness of 1\u2009mm. Enamel with a thickness of 0.5\u2009mm had the lowest \u0394E00\/WID response. Exposed dentin (0\u2009mm) had the highest \u0394E00 but required HP for effective whitening. In this in vitro scenario, WID may be a more relevant efficacy measure than \u0394E00. This emphasizes the importance of bleaching methods that are thickness\u2010specific. A single session was sufficient for undamaged enamel; however, several sessions enhanced whitening in thinner enamel and exposed dentin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijod\/6758360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T06:32:12Z","timestamp":1792045932000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of Bleaching Effect on Tooth Color Change With Different Enamel Thicknesses: An In Vitro Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6664-5846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tayebeh","family":"Rostamzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran  gums.ac.ir"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3478-9155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nastaran Sohrabi","family":"Vaskeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry Guilan University of Medical Sciences  Rasht Iran  gums.ac.ir"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.24028"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12814"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/2177-6709.26.4.e2119124.oar"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2011.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2020-0511"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/col.22710"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.12660"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517741274"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034518784260"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440201801553"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050168420980966"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27051684"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1366\/000370208786401554"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8240.2010.00392.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874210601610010438"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-004-0291-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","first-page":"490","article-title":"Separate Contribution of Dentin and Enamel to Color Changes Caused by Staining Pigments and Dental Bleaching","volume":"15","author":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Correia A. 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