{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T12:39:34Z","timestamp":1786711174072,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":225,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly influencing dentistry; however, senior dental students\u2019 readiness to understand and use AI remains insufficiently explored in underrepresented settings. This study assessed knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and readiness toward AI among senior dental students in Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional survey was conducted among 168 senior dental students using an expert\u2010reviewed and pilot\u2010tested questionnaire adapted from previously used instruments. AI\u2010related readiness was assessed using a descriptive knowledge\/use index and two normalized composite scores: perception\/clinical\u2010application and attitude\/future\u2010expectation scores. Internal consistency was assessed for the two multi\u2010item composite scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Self\u2010rated AI knowledge was moderate in 45.2% of students and high in 11.9%, while prior involvement in AI\u2010related development or projects was limited (5.4%). The knowledge\/use index was low (0.25\u2009\u00b1\u20090.20), indicating limited practical exposure and familiarity. In contrast, the perception\/clinical\u2010application score was high (0.69\u2009\u00b1\u20090.16), with favorable views particularly toward implant planning, radiographic caries detection, quality control, and diagnosis and treatment planning. The attitude\/future\u2010expectation score was also high (0.69\u2009\u00b1\u20090.26), indicating positive expectations regarding the future role of AI in dentistry. The perception\/clinical\u2010application score showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach\u2019s alpha\u2009=\u20090.78), while the attitude\/future\u2010expectation score showed high internal consistency (Cronbach\u2019s alpha\u2009=\u20090.86). No statistically significant differences were observed in knowledge\/use, perception\/clinical\u2010application, or attitude\/future\u2010expectation scores according to gender or year of study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Senior dental students demonstrated favorable perceptions and expectations toward AI in dentistry, particularly for diagnostic and treatment\u2010related applications. However, practical exposure and AI\u2010related use were limited, and concerns remained regarding empathy, accountability, ethical issues, and human oversight. Because this was an Erbil\u2010based convenience sample, the findings should be interpreted cautiously and may not generalize to all dental students.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijod\/8981807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T12:10:20Z","timestamp":1786709420000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring Senior Dental Students\u2019 Readiness and Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: Insights From a Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8674-9489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasreen Hamarash","family":"Hamonari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7861\/fhj.2021-0095"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.55107"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.925"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-05826-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-05406-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13182312"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.59799"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BonnyT. 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