{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T08:45:54Z","timestamp":1782463554537,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":176,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HR22C1605"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HR22C1605"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The COVID\u201019 pandemic disrupted the seasonal patterns of pediatric respiratory infections, likely due to an immunologic gap. However, the roles of weather conditions and viral interactions in age\u2010specific transmission, seasonality, and coinfections remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective study analyzed data from children hospitalized with respiratory tract infections between January 2012 and December 2023 at a single tertiary center in Korea. Six common respiratory viruses were identified via multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The study period was divided into prepandemic (January 2012 to January 2020), pandemic (February 2020 to November 2021), and postpandemic (December 2021 to December 2023) periods. Pandemic\u2010period patients (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 171) were excluded from comparative analyses. Virus positivity, coinfection rates, and demographic differences were assessed using chi\u2010square tests and\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010tests. Time\u2010series analysis using seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average models (SARIMA and SARIMAX) was conducted to compare observed and predicted trends.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 12,306 hospitalized children, 86.3% were in the prepandemic period and 12.3% in the postpandemic period. Median age rose from 20.0 to 27.0 months. Rhinovirus (21.3%\u201343.7%) and human metapneumovirus (6.6%\u20139.6%) increased, while influenza declined (4.8%\u20132.8%). Seasonal patterns shifted, with higher positivity in summer and autumn. Observed trends diverged from SARIMAX predictions, suggesting changes not fully explained by the meteorological variables included in the model. Coinfections with three or more viruses rose (1.7%\u20133.0%), and virus\u2010negative proportions decreased (32.6%\u201316.7%). RSV showed three peaks in the postpandemic period, suggesting possible shifts in viral cocirculation patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Shifts in pediatric respiratory virus patterns were observed in the postpandemic period and were not fully explained by meteorological variables alone, highlighting the need for adaptive surveillance incorporating broader environmental and demographic factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/ijpe\/4499218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T07:50:23Z","timestamp":1782460223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Shifts in Pediatric Respiratory Virus Trends After the COVID\u201019 Pandemic: Insights From a 12\u2010Year Hospital\u2010Based Study in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8863-5729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eunkyo","family":"Ha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4945-0753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5179-4013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeewon","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4376-6968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Won Seok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0145-7067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0297-9446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hey Sung","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9077-5779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Man Yong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00807-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2023.00472"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-024-02441-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.70457"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2021-006014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29876"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2023.01676"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(22)00371-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4414\/SMW.2021.w30057"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30485-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2017.9.6.517"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2904.230046"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000004221"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-023-02085-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25802"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.13229"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19460-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_2","first-page":"28","article-title":"Epidemiology and Clinical Impact of Single and Multi-Viral Respiratory Infections in Post-Pandemic Era","volume":"47","author":"Mauro M. 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