{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T20:07:41Z","timestamp":1790453261184,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In recent years, the global rise of antibiotic\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) has become a significant threat to public health. This study aimed to identify and track outbreaks of antibiotic resistance, specifically among the antibiotics used to treat nosocomial\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This hospital\u2010based study utilized data from a nosocomial infection surveillance system to investigate reported cases of antibiotic resistance. The study analyzed the results of 12,954 antibiogram tests conducted across 57 hospitals in 31 provinces of Iran. The data was divided into two periods: the first and second halves of 2017. Before developing a predictive model for resistant\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    cases, the model\u2019s validity was tested using the first half of the year\u2019s data. The predicted cases were then compared to the actual observed cases in 2017, with a statistically significant difference indicating an outbreak.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Findings:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The study found that, in 2017, hospitals in Iran experienced an outbreak of\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    resistant to ampicillin and ceftazidime. This resistance was more prevalent than expected, highlighting the emergence of these drugs as major contributors to nosocomial\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study demonstrated the utility of the compartmental model in forecasting outbreaks of antibiotic\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    . It provides a framework for investigating similar outbreaks in the future, using diverse data sources and methodologies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/ipid\/3134775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T07:59:33Z","timestamp":1737014373000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of Emerging Antimicrobials Resistance in Nosocomial Infections Caused by\n                    <i>E. coli<\/i>\n                    : The Comparison Results of Observed Cases and Compartmental Model"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5999-7173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Babak","family":"Eshrati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3517-5535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elaheh","family":"Karimzadeh-Soureshjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2913-4294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahshid","family":"Nasehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3829-6364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leila","family":"Janani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5070-5864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamid Reza","family":"Baradaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4688-9856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeid","family":"Bitaraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1507-8815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pouria Ahmadi","family":"Simab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4530-1080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Mobarak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6957-1982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sasan Ghorbani","family":"Kalkhajeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4283-3441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Kogani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/24.2.211"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0196-6553(99)70031-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(91)90349-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/520193"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.5.1378"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/ajb11.264"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-95388-7.00014-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2005.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2013.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4111\/icu.2017.58.1.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","first-page":"187","article-title":"ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Children with Acute Diarrhea-Antimicrobial Susceptibility, Adherence Patterns, and Phylogenetic Background","volume":"21","author":"Franiczek R.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine: Official Organ Wroclaw Medical University"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","volume-title":"Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System: Manual for Early Implementation","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14196\/mjiri.32.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization Antimicrobial Resistance Global Report on Surveillance: 2014 Summary 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","unstructured":"Masoumi AslH. 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