{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T14:58:07Z","timestamp":1791644287191,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":308,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":178,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Trypanosomatids, including the genera\n                    <jats:italic>Trypanosoma<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    , are protozoan parasites of significant medical and veterinary relevance. These organisms cause African trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, and leishmaniasis, which are classified as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). NTDs continue to present major public health challenges, particularly in sub\u2010Saharan Africa, Latin America, and parts of Asia, resulting in substantial morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic impacts. Chemotherapeutic interventions remain constrained by toxicity, high cost, limited accessibility, and the increasing prevalence of drug resistance. Significantly, there is a tight relationship between pathogenesis and drug resistance because processes that facilitate intracellular persistence, immunological evasion, and metabolic adaptation can also decrease drug sensitivity and increase treatment failure. This interaction makes it easier for more pathogenic and resilient strains to arise, which makes disease treatment and control more difficult. The absence of effective vaccines underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Advances in molecular parasitology have elucidated unique organellar structures, immune evasion mechanisms, and metabolic pathways in trypanosomatids, providing new therapeutic targets. Additionally, artificial intelligence and computational methodologies are facilitating drug discovery, predicting resistance, and improving diagnostics. In this review, we provide a narrative overview of current knowledge of trypanosomatid biology, prevalence, drug resistance mechanisms, and emerging control strategies. By integrating classical parasitology with computational approaches, new opportunities are identified to address resistance, enhance therapy, and mitigate the global health burden of trypanosomatid infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/ipid\/7565247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T10:37:02Z","timestamp":1782643022000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pathogenic Significance of Trypanosomatids: Progress in Drug Resistance, Control Strategies, and Artificial Intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Cynthia Mmalebna","family":"Amisigo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4712-5244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aboagye Kwarteng","family":"Dofuor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer Afua Afrifa","family":"Yamoah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert Fynn","family":"Aiduenu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blessing Kwabena","family":"Gayi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelina","family":"Akomea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zenabu Lansah","family":"Alidu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gideon","family":"Danso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selina Mawunyo","family":"Ayivi-Tosuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naa Kwarley-Aba","family":"Quartey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph Harold Nyarko","family":"Osei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5877-4883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyram Kofi","family":"Loh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Ekloh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci33945"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejop.2016.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-386899-2.00011-7","article-title":"Research Methods for Entomopathogenic Microsporidia and Other Protists","volume":"12","author":"Solter L. F.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Manual of Techniques in Invertebrate Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","first-page":"168","article-title":"Are Trypanosomes Monophyletic? A Controversy Resolved (Again)","volume":"4","author":"Simpson A. G. B.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends in Parasitology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.8b00298"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","volume-title":"Chagas Disease","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lana.2024.100832"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Winters R.","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006276"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","volume-title":"Leishmaniasis","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001211"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010300"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","volume-title":"Trypanosomiasis, Human African (Sleeping Sickness)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","volume-title":"Trypanosomiasis, Human African (Sleeping Sickness)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed5010014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18091415"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","article-title":"An Overview on the Therapeutics of Neglected Infectious Diseases\u2014Leishmaniasis and Chagas Diseases","volume":"9","author":"Chanda K.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2014.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14020124"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2016.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/ijn.s453566"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life14020233"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18060788"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infpip.2024.100382"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imu.2025.101651"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0013321"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1112642"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1112631"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1112680"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2012.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(02)00711-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2004.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_2","volume-title":"The MASP Family of Trypanosoma cruzi: Changes in Gene Expression and Antigenic Profile During the Acute Phase of Experimental Infection","author":"dos Santos S. L.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2012.01831.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.m111.311530"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S2053230X15002496"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00214-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002940050525"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111341"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9258(18)37792-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky928"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009904"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2149"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2016.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-018-0352-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.170095"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008455"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-1-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_2","volume-title":"Human African Trypanosomiasis: Current Status and Eradication Efforts","author":"Davis C. N.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_2","article-title":"Human African Trypanosomiasis: Current Standing and Challenges","volume":"49","author":"Holanda-Freitas I. T.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Revista de Patologia Tropical\/Journal of Tropical Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/qco.0000000000000860"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1037094"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.2014.959496"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-3-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2001.00775.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33611\/trs.2021-006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2018.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_2","article-title":"An Overview of Leishmaniasis: Historic to Future Perspectives","author":"G\u00fcran M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vectors and Vector-Borne Zoonotic Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2028-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1993682107"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0074-02762000000400023"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1052478"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks275"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9122500"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612023396258"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118274408","volume-title":"Drug Repositioning: Bringing New Life to Shelved Assets and Existing Drugs","author":"Barratt M. J.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14919"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2023.106846"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002475"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32758-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/JAC\/DKV376"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006052"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31204-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(95)90572-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules14072317"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(09)61401-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318121"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/092986707780362862"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinorgbio.2007.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2020.101664"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(45)90004-6","volume-title":"The Chemotherapy of Experimental Leishmaniasis. II. A Dose Response Curve for the Activity of Sodium Stibogluconate","author":"Goodwin L. G.","year":"1945"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.42.12.3097"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.m005423200"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00775-003-0468-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.m102351200"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/571242"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182007003150"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-291x(88)80081-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(87)90689-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_92_2","article-title":"Visceral Leishmaniasis-Current Therapeutic Modalities","volume":"123","author":"Sundar S.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-6285-8.00157-X","volume-title":"Infectious Diseases, 2-Volume Set","author":"Kuhlmann F. M.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2006.01.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4027","DOI":"10.2174\/092986710793205345","article-title":"The Kinetoplastid Chemotherapy Revisited: Current Drugs, Recent Advances and Future Perspectives","volume":"17","author":"Castillo E.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Current Medicinal Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/pac-2018-1102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.19.10383"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1022823605068"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.19.1.111-126.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04782.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46841-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp468"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl494","article-title":"Role of ABC Transporter MRPA, \u03b3-glutamylcysteine Synthetase and Ornithine Decarboxylase in Natural Antimony-Resistant Isolates of Leishmania donovani","volume":"59","author":"Mukherjee A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001167"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1949.s1-29.173"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s1462399409001252"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/361173a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/SCIENCE.285.5425.242"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1202885109"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2007.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.8.2607"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.46.1.695"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.35.1.93"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/ec.2.5.1003-1008.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.106.031351"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.02831.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(05)61001-9","article-title":"Control of Human Parasitic Diseases: Context and Overview","volume":"61","author":"Molyneux D. H.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Advances in Parasitology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(05)61006-8","article-title":"Chemotherapy in the Treatment and Control of Leishmaniasis","volume":"61","author":"Alvar J.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Advances in Parasitology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.28"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_120_2","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Liposomal Amphotericin B (AmBisome) for Visceral Leishmaniasis in Endemic Developing Countries","volume":"76","author":"Berman J. D.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515085"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.9.4.512"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15010099"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(86)90001-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.38.753"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.03570-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.42.2.352"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0169-4758(97)01211-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00030-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/726328"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_131_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2008.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_132_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00506-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_133_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1307365110"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_134_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1997.3500"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_135_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1994.51.758"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_136_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0026660"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr500365f"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_138_2","volume-title":"Human African Trypanosomiasis","author":"Burri C.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_139_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2012.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_140_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0026-895x(24)12250-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_141_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.46.12.3731-3738.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_142_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1471-4922(03)00069-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_143_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.48.5.1515-1519.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_144_2","first-page":"43","article-title":"Modification of Kinetoplast DNA Minicircle Composition in Pentamidine-Resistant Leishmania","volume":"70","author":"Basselin M.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_145_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291x(80)91221-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_146_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.3.950"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_147_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006980"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_148_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(94)00363-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_149_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3150631"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_150_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2005.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_151_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2007.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_152_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00032"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_153_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.14733"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_154_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0166-6851(03)00162-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_155_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00404-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_156_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10771"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_157_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00933-25"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_158_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.4.2.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_159_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.m605214200"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_160_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.49.7.2677-2686.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_161_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01123-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_162_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01415-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_163_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01614-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_164_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.48.8.3010-3015.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_165_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803859"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_166_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt262"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_167_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49965","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M308352200","article-title":"Functional Cloning of the Miltefosine Transporter: A Novel P-Type Phospholipid Translocase From Leishmania Involved in Drug Resistance","volume":"278","author":"P\u00e9rez-Victoria F. J.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_168_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.45.9.2468-2474.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_169_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05653.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_170_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00587-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_171_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.m600319-mcp200"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_172_2","first-page":"1624","article-title":"The Effect of Nifurtimox in Acute Chagas\u2019 Infection","volume":"22","author":"Wegner D. H.","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arzneimittel-Forschung"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_173_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14694-6","article-title":"The Trypanosomiases","volume":"362","author":"Barrett M. P.","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_174_2","first-page":"60410","article-title":"The Treatment of Human African Trypanosomiasis","volume":"33","author":"Pepin J.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Advances in Parasitology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_175_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00651-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_176_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/m75-220"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_177_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711014105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_178_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003326"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_179_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00332-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_180_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000923"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_181_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(79)90251-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_182_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BCP.2010.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_183_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis331"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_184_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92180-n"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_185_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001204"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_186_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2010.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_187_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/PNAS.79.19.6028"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_188_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000183"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_189_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.1986.tb05599.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_190_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005236"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_191_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(80)90050-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_192_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-0491(72)90138-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_193_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(72)90064-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_194_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(81)90069-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_195_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000063721"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_196_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.FEMSRE.2005.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_197_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-4622(82)87014-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_198_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000059527"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_199_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2017.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_200_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3260755"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_201_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-706x(90)90070-g"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_202_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.41.7.1604"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_203_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.106.024653"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_204_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004299"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_205_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c00499"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_206_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2008.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_207_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004363"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_208_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00192-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_209_2","first-page":"876","article-title":"Diamidines for Human African Trypanosomiasis","volume":"11","author":"Paine M. F.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_210_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00642-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_211_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00436-014-4199-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_212_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ml100013s"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_213_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc.11.80"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_214_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00660-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_215_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-022-06258-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_216_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1807915115"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_217_2","volume-title":"AN2 Therapeutics and DNDi Collaborate on Clinical Development of Promising New Oral Compound to Treat Chronic Chagas Disease","author":"Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative DND","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_218_2","volume-title":"LXE408 Novartis for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis| DNDi","author":"Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative DND","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_219_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14121246"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_220_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.7b00473"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_221_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-017-0361-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_222_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01399-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_223_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1619265114"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_224_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00548-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_225_2","first-page":"337","article-title":"Chemoprevention of Bovine Trypanosomiasis in N\u2019Dama Cattle Imported From the Senegambia and Zaire to Gabon","volume":"43","author":"Dehoux J. P.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Revue D\u2019\u00e9levage et de M\u00e9decine V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire Des Pays Tropicaux"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_226_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-020-01289-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_227_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v71i3.265","article-title":"Protective Efficacy of Isometamidium Chloride and Diminazene Aceturate against Natural Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax Infections in Cattle Under a Suppressed Tsetse Population in Uganda","volume":"71","author":"Magona J. W.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_228_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2007.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_229_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/tv.v20i3.4495"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_230_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1993.1098"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_231_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(95)00856-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_232_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(09)61117-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_233_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0931"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_234_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21820"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_235_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2047773213y.0000000105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_236_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-017-1327-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_237_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003624"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_238_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-05077-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_239_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10081050"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_240_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03597-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_241_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2008.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_242_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.24599"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_243_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00135"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_244_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.08.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_245_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009903"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_246_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/510534"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_247_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0001-706x(96)00645-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_248_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-155"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_249_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.11.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_250_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(10)62050-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_251_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005635"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_252_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2010.01129.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_253_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0001-706x(00)00059-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_254_2","first-page":"58","article-title":"A Review on Trypanocidal Drug Resistance in Ethiopia","volume":"7","author":"Shiferaw S.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_255_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.828111"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_256_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/ges015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_257_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2012.05.001","article-title":"Antiparasitic Agents: New Drugs on the Horizon","volume":"12","author":"Maser P.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_258_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12483"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_259_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2012.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_260_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10071298"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_261_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004972"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_262_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm401530a"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_263_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08771"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_264_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174436"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_265_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01928-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_266_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2019.108976"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_267_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-025-07004-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_268_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1701-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_269_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33458"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_270_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s003118201300022x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_271_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_272_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1286-4579(01)01432-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_273_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(93)90024-r"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_274_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005454"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_275_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005136"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_276_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006800"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_277_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2019.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_278_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.122945.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_279_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02858-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_280_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed7090221"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_281_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4198-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_282_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2022.60.6.379"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_283_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12030271"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_284_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.4568"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_285_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.13470"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_286_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14010012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_287_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RonnebergerO. FischerP. andBroxT. U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentation Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention\u2013MICCAI 2015: 18th International Conference October 5-9 2015 Munich Germany.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_28"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_288_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-94544-6_6","volume-title":"Leishmaniasis Parasite Segmentation and Classification Using Deep Learning BT-Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects","author":"G\u00f3rriz M.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_289_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanchez-Pati\u00f1oN. Toriz-VazquezA. Hevia-MontielN. andPerez-GonzalezJ. Convolutional Neural Networks for Chagas\u2019 Parasite Detection in Histopathological Images 2021 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC) 2021 2732\u20132735 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/EMBC46164.2021.9629563.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC46164.2021.9629563"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_290_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217293"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_291_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12010012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_292_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/ijbic.2022.120749"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_293_2","first-page":"1314","article-title":"Searching for Mobilenetv3","author":"Howard A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_294_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-022-07029-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_295_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/resprot.6758"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_296_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/139681"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_297_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2022.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_298_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"JomtarakR. KittichaiV. KaewthamasornM.et al. Mobile Bot Application for Identification of Trypanosoma Evansi Infection through Thin-Blood Film Examination Based on Deep Learning Approach 2023 IEEE International Conference on Cybernetics and Innovations (ICCI) 2023 1\u20137 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICCI57424.2023.10112327.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCI57424.2023.10112327"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_299_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app14020607"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_300_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/65557"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_301_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fddsv.2023.1185679"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_302_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2012.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_303_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_304_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12030523"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_305_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2946-3-33"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_306_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.1c00203"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_307_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005472"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_308_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2019.00256"}],"container-title":["Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/ipid\/7565247","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/ipid\/7565247","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/ipid\/7565247","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T10:37:11Z","timestamp":1782643031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/ipid\/7565247"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Suraiya","family":"Saleem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":308,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/ipid\/7565247"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/ipid\/7565247","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-708X","1687-7098"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-708X","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-7098","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"7565247"}}