{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T19:42:37Z","timestamp":1784835757429,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":316,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) refers to a chronic metabolic disorder that results from insulin resistance, leading to impaired insulin action and uncontrolled plasma glucose levels.\n                      <jats:italic>Acalypha wilkesiana<\/jats:italic>\n                      is among medicinal plants that are ethnobotanically used in the management of T2DM. However, there is a paucity of information on its antidiabetic potential. This review is aimed at providing a current understanding of the mechanism of action, potency, and safety of\n                      <jats:italic>Acalypha wilkesiana<\/jats:italic>\n                      in T2DM therapy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A narrative review was thoroughly conducted by searching Google Scholar and PubMed databases using a predefined combination of keywords. All gathered articles were reviewed for the content regarding T2DM,\n                      <jats:italic>Acalypha wilkesiana<\/jats:italic>\n                      , mechanism of action, and safety. A total of 44 articles were considered in this review.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Several experimental studies revealed that extracts of\n                      <jats:italic>Acalypha wilkesiana<\/jats:italic>\n                      inhibit\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010glucosidase and\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010amylase, which normally break down carbohydrates postprandially. Notably, the ethanolic root bark extracts of\n                      <jats:italic>Acalypha wilkesiana<\/jats:italic>\n                      have shown lower inhibitory concentrations compared to those of both the plant extracts in other solvents and the acarbose drug, emphasizing its greater potency. Additionally, the leaves of\n                      <jats:italic>Acalypha wilkesiana<\/jats:italic>\n                      have been reported to have no harmful effects on the red blood cells of diabetic rabbits and can even restore the alloxan\u2010induced impairment of pancreas and spleen cells.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Acalypha wilkesiana<\/jats:italic>\n                      demonstrates antihyperglycemic activity and can reverse the dysfunction of critical organs. It promises advances in the development of antihyperglycemic agents which are more efficacious and safer than synthetic agents. However, clinical trials should be conducted to establish human\u2010tailored doses, ensuring an improved safety profile of the plant in the treatment of T2DM.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/jdr\/6278075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T11:56:42Z","timestamp":1763035002000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Therapeutic Potential of\n                    <i>Acalypha wilkesiana<\/i>\n                    in Type 2 Diabetes: A Review"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9086-1135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Inshutiyimana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9782-4418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patel Dineshbhai","family":"Yesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1698-9874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael Matiop","family":"Aleu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0790-6389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aibekhanya Nkosana","family":"Sebata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2942-4880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenfa","family":"Ajumesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2533-9724","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Norhayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1187057"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S319895"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26031094"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","unstructured":"CDC Diabetes Symptoms of Diabetes 2024 [cited 2025 Oct 23] Available from:https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/signs-symptoms\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","unstructured":"Analytical Fact Sheet: Diabetes a Silent Killer in Africa [cited 2025 Oct 23]. 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