{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T15:13:38Z","timestamp":1784214818095,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":40,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most life\u2010threatening complications of diabetes and a leading cause of chronic kidney disease. Glucagon\u2010like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1\u2010RAs) or sodium\u2013glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) appear to improve renal outcome in patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this context, the renal resistive index (RRI) is a useful doppler measure to study DKD and predict its evolution. The aim of this work was to study the effect of treatment with GLP1\u2010RA or SGLT2i on RRI and the relationship between RRI and glycometabolic parameters. One hundred forty\u2010five patients with T2D were enrolled in the study and treated for 26 weeks with once\u2010weekly GLP1\u2010RA (38 patients with dulaglutide and 39 with semaglutide), SGLT2i (40 patients), or other therapies (28 control patients). Clinical, anthropometric, and hematochemical parameters and RRI were measured at baseline (T0) and after 6 months of treatment (T6). Changes at 6 months were studied and compared by treatment group. Patients were predominantly male (58.6%), overweight (93.0%) or frankly obese (60.0%), with hypertension (90.0%) and high (&gt;\u20090.64) or pathological (&gt;\u20090.7) RRI values (82.0% or 37.0%, respectively). At baseline, RRI correlated positively with age, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides, and albuminuria and negatively with estimated\u2010glomerular filtration rate (e\u2010GFR). At T6, patients treated with either GLP1\u2010RA or SGLT2i showed a significant improvement in RRI but not in albuminuria or e\u2010GFR, compared with homologous at baseline. In particular, RRI normalized in 32% and 30% of patients on therapy with GLP1\u2010RA and SGLT2i, respectively, while remaining almost unchanged in controls. Notably, the RRI improvement was independent of age, gender, diabetes duration, and changes in BMI, waist circumference, HbA1c, and e\u2010GFR. In conclusion, RRI can be used to detect early kidney damage and follow the evolution of DKD. GLP1\u2010RA and SGLT2i improve RRI, demonstrating benefits on cardiovascular risk and renal outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/jdr\/8182211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T22:20:28Z","timestamp":1739226028000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Glucagon\u2010Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Sodium\u2013Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Improve Renal Resistive Index in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A 26\u2010Week Prospective Observational Real\u2010Life Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Vozza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6831-0457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Volpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Custodero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7322-7705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Colaianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6995-4127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Lavarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9619-8726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Triggiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucilla","family":"Crudele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6387-0560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bergamasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0693-6751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Antonica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4504-9313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosimo","family":"Tortorella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3221-6562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppina","family":"Piazzolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00536-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2016.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.731187"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","first-page":"69","article-title":"Progression of diabetic nephropathy: value of intrarenal resistive index (RI)","volume":"28","author":"Milovanceva-Popovska M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prilozi"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/or.2019.8364"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-199911000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/bmrcb.v41i3.29888"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-0231"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055459"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2019.1549459"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2024816"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2204233"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-017-0621-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-018-0750-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2023.100502"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00967"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03133-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4359"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","volume-title":"Ecografia. 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