{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T05:16:40Z","timestamp":1783315000952,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]],"date-time":"2026-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":185,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005362","name":"Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005362","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We previously identified, using a synthetic peptide, namely peptide 4.33 (p4.33), a subgroup of anti\u2010CENP\u2010A antibodies (Abs) recognizing an epitope shared between the CENP\u2010A region spanning amino acids 1\u201017 (Ap1\u201017) and the E2 component of the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC\u2010E2), the major mitochondrial target autoantigen in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Here, we evaluated whether anti\u2010p4.33 Ab positivity may be associates with a higher prevalence of antimitochondrial Ab (AMA) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Serum samples from 145 anti\u2010CENP\n                      <jats:sup>pos<\/jats:sup>\n                      SSc patients were tested for anti\u2010CENP\u2010A, \u2010Ap1\u201017, and \u2010p4.33 Abs by ELISA. Subsequently, 32 anti\u2010Ap1\u201017\n                      <jats:sup>pos<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/p4.33\n                      <jats:sup>pos<\/jats:sup>\n                      and 32 anti\u2010Ap1\u201017\n                      <jats:sup>pos<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/p4.33\n                      <jats:sup>neg<\/jats:sup>\n                      were randomly selected and tested for AMA by immunoblotting.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 145 anti\u2010CENP\n                      <jats:sup>pos<\/jats:sup>\n                      patients, 128 (88.2%) were anti\u2010CENP\u2010A\n                      <jats:sup>pos<\/jats:sup>\n                      patients, of which 103 (80.5%) were positive for anti\u2010Ap1\u201017 Abs and 66 (51.6%) were positive for anti\u2010p4.33 Abs. Of 32 selected anti\u2010Ap1\u201017\n                      <jats:sup>pos<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/p4.33\n                      <jats:sup>pos<\/jats:sup>\n                      patients, 15 (46.9%) were also positive for AMA targeting PDC\u2010E2\u2009and\/or the branched chain 2\u2010oxo acid dehydrogenase complex (BCOADC\u2010E2). In the Ap1\u201017\n                      <jats:sup>pos<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/p4.33\n                      <jats:sup>neg<\/jats:sup>\n                      group, AMA were detected in only two patients (6.25%). AMA positivity was statistically different between groups. Anti\u2010p4.33 Ab levels were directly associated more than anti\u2010Ap1\u201017 Ab levels with AMA levels. Sequence homology analyses demonstrated that anti\u2010p4.33 Abs recognize an epitope (kPsaP) strongly overlapping with those of Ap1\u201017, PDC\u2010E2, and BCOADC\u2010E2, also expressed by viral and bacterial proteins.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anti\u2010p4.33 Abs may be a useful biomarker to define a subset of SSc patients with a higher prevalence of AMA. Our findings also support the hypothesis that pathogens can trigger autoimmunity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/jimr\/2726162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T04:52:57Z","timestamp":1783313577000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Novel Biomarker for Antimitochondrial Antibodies in Systemic Sclerosis Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4664-1394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elvira","family":"Favoino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1846-4710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia De","family":"Santis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7392-9334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Liakouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1179-8009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanna","family":"Barbuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Piccolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6823-1970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ada","family":"Corrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9744-5628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Vomero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8537-1510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Navarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6853-3450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcella","family":"Prete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0904-1074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrizia","family":"Leone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8639-1940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vito","family":"Racanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0338-6784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa Daniela","family":"Grembiale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3487-8551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piero","family":"Ruscitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9929-9177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco Paolo","family":"Cantatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9352-1264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Ciccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3409-8048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Giacomelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4072-4244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Perosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI31139"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","first-page":"104","article-title":"Disease Subsets, Antinuclear Antibody Profile, and Clinical Features in 127 French and 247 US Adult Patients With Systemic Sclerosis","volume":"34","author":"Meyer O. 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