{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:05:21Z","timestamp":1790168721363,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":41,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Thiamine, or vitamin B1, is a water\u2010soluble vitamin necessary for multiple metabolic processes throughout the human body. Thiamine is primarily obtained from our diet and is found in sources such as whole grains, legumes, and pork. Short bowel syndrome, severe malnutrition, alcohol use disorder, or diuretic use can all lead to thiamine deficiency. Thiamine deficiency may contribute to significant morbidity if not promptly identified and treated. Thiamine supplementation has been established as the primary treatment for patients with Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy. Supplementation of thiamine is also commonly provided to patients at risk for refeeding syndrome to prevent exacerbation of an underlying thiamine deficiency when nutrition is reintroduced. More recent studies have investigated thiamine supplementation for a broader use in patients with sepsis, impaired lactate clearance, and delirium. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the indications for thiamine supplementation in hospitalized patients, analyze literature for historical and emerging thiamine supplementation utilization, and provide a framework for supplementation based on indication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/jnme\/7143046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T14:47:39Z","timestamp":1770821259000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Thiamine Use in Hospitalized Patients: A Clinical Review"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4093-7485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rowan E.","family":"Rosewarne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7298-8412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Farina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","unstructured":"Thiamin Fact Sheet for Health Professionals National Institutes of Health: Office of Dietary Supplements 2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","volume-title":"Lexi-Drugs. Lexidrug","author":"Thiamine","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","unstructured":"Abbott Nutrition Product Reference. Abbott 2025 https:\/\/www.abbottnutrition.com\/content\/dam\/an\/abbottnutrition\/pdf\/product-guides\/abbott-nutrition-product-reference.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","unstructured":"Peptamen Adult Formulas Peptamen 2025 https:\/\/www.peptamen.com\/peptamen-products."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","unstructured":"Our Products. Nestle 2025 https:\/\/www.nestlemedicalhub.com\/products."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607114565245"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","volume-title":"Combs GF. The Vitamins","author":"Combs G. F.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6904-12-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14536"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00132.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/35.supplement_1.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-2143(99)90203-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2023.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533614561793"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014860710703100169"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcps1111668"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.13658"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533617722758"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2010.03153.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881112444324"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","unstructured":"HaberP. S.andRiordanB. C. Guidelines for the Treatment of Alcohol Problems. Sydney: Specialty of Addiction Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health the University of Sydney 2021 https:\/\/alcoholtreatmentguidelines.com.au\/pdf\/guidelines-for-the-treatment-of-alcohol-problems.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ncp.10474"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2022.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000668"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","unstructured":"Sepsis National Institute of General Medical Sciences 2025 https:\/\/www.nigms.nih.gov\/education\/fact-sheets\/pages\/sepsis."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","unstructured":"OwensP. L. MillerM. A. BarrettM. L. andHenscheM. Overview of Outcomes for Inpatient Stays Involving Sepsis 2016\u20132021 2025 https:\/\/hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/reports\/statbriefs\/sb306-overview-sepsis-2016-2021.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.11.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.22176"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.02.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.02.065"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.11946"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06191-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.24505"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000002110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202208-1583LE37"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1178633719862776"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2012.186"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001572"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003311"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-020-01195-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003402"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.2807"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003299"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000006574"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_2","first-page":"26","article-title":"Thiamine Deficiency and Delirium","volume":"10","author":"Osiezagha K.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Innov Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-024-03696-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2021.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1245-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13121682"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jrpp.JRPP_19_124"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/jnme\/7143046","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/jnme\/7143046","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/jnme\/7143046","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T13:13:45Z","timestamp":1774617225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/jnme\/7143046"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Eric","family":"Gumpricht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/jnme\/7143046"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/jnme\/7143046","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-0724","2090-0732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-0724","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-0732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"7143046"}}