{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T09:08:11Z","timestamp":1779786491094,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":140,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001048","name":"Asthma Foundation of Victoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP454856"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP454856"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1079668"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1079668"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001782","name":"University of Melbourne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001782","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antibiotic exposure by 2\u2009years is linked to increased childhood overweight\/obesity risk, mainly in cross\u2010sectional studies. Few longitudinal studies exist in high\u2010risk populations, and none examined BMI trajectories up to 18\u2009years. Our study is the first to investigate the association between early antibiotic exposure and BMI trajectories in a high allergy\u2010risk cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed data from 428 participants in the Melbourne Atopy Cohort Study from birth to 18\u2009years. Antibiotic use &lt;\u20092\u2009years was categorized as \u201cever versus never\u201d and according to seven antibiotic classes. Number of courses (7\u2009days) and the spectrum of antibiotics (broad versus narrow) were defined for each antibiotic class. Logistic regression models estimated associations between antibiotic use (any\/specific), courses (0, 1, 2, and \u2265\u20093), and previously defined BMI trajectories from 4\u2009weeks to 18\u2009years: very low catch\u2010up, low average, stable average (reference), average increasing to very high (AIVH), and persistently high (PH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found consistent evidence of a relationship between antibiotic exposure by 2\u2009years and increased risk of belonging to AIVH and PH trajectories, with magnitudes of effect differing by antibiotic spectrum and frequency. Notably, exposure to \u2265 3 courses of broad\u2010spectrum antibiotic was associated with the AIVH (aOR = 3.36 [95% CI: 1.03, 10.87]) and PH trajectories (aOR\u2009=\u20093.29 [95% CI: 1.03, 10.53]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings may have important clinical implications, but further large\u2010scale studies are required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/jobe\/9981660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T12:41:09Z","timestamp":1779367269000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antibiotic Use in the First 2 Years of Life Is Related to Longitudinal BMI Trajectories From 0 to 18 years: A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0977-315X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jules J.","family":"Sing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5685-0616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire","family":"Gallagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0472-700X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7079-3670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. Sabrina","family":"Idrose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9581-1612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine M.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9954-0538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Abramson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6063-1937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shyamali C.","family":"Dharmage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9597-418X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bircan","family":"Erbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2342-3888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline J.","family":"Lodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2017: Impact of Overweight and Obesity as a Risk Factor for Chronic Conditions\u2014Australian Burden of Disease Study","volume":"11","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW)","year":"2017","journal-title":"Australian Burden of Disease 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