{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:43:26Z","timestamp":1792428206544,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":286,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Nursing Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emerging infectious diseases pose significant risks to vulnerable populations, particularly older adults with underlying health conditions living in long\u2010term care institutions. Yet, while the experiences of healthcare workers in managing these crises are invaluable, there remains limited research on the specific challenges they faced.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the experiences of long\u2010term care workers\u2014including nurses, nursing assistants, and managers\u2014in preventing emerging infectious diseases, the challenges they faced during the pandemic, and how they addressed them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve participants from long\u2010term care institutions in Taiwan (including assisted living facilities, residential care homes, and nursing homes) were recruited via purposive sampling. All participants worked in the sector during the COVID\u201019 pandemic, were actively involved in clinical care or institutional management, and were proficient in Mandarin. In\u2010depth interviews were conducted face\u2010to\u2010face between July and August 2024, and data interpretation was guided by thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four themes emerged. Two themes depicting challenges illustrate challenges arising from inadequate preparation, including technical, cultural, and communication barriers, noncompliance among family members, resource shortages, and the physical and emotional strain endured by frontline workers balancing duty with feelings of guilt and anxiety. Two other themes representing the possibilities for strengthening long\u2010term care highlight the importance of ongoing education, simulation\u2010based training, and fostering participation, as well as the need for adaptive surveillance and tailored crisis response plans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long\u2010term care workers reported systemic vulnerabilities, including inadequate preparation, communication barriers, and emotional strain. They also emphasized the importance of inclusive training, simulation\u2010based practice, and adaptive response strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications for Nursing Management<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long\u2010term care institutions should strengthen preparedness by incorporating multilingual, simulation\u2010based infection prevention training, developing family communication strategies that balance clear rationales with dialog, establishing routine surveillance with adaptive response plans, and ensuring psychosocial support for their workforce.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/jonm\/2732734","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T05:22:06Z","timestamp":1760505726000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Challenges and Possibilities in Preventing Emerging Infectious Diseases in Long\u2010Term Care: A Qualitative Descriptive Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1003-5202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Po-Jen","family":"Kung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3433-8950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching-Min","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6270-4423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine A.","family":"Ornstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Yuan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","volume-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases","author":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","volume-title":"Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","volume-title":"WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.22.2000956"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14657"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464820959163"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6946a3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","volume-title":"Factors Associated With COVID-19 Cases and Deaths in Long-Term Care Facilities: Findings From a Literature Review","author":"Ochieng N.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnu.12855"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10050894"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2021.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/facets-2020-0056"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-240X(200008)23:4<334::AID-NUR9>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-9-52"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X05279903"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnu.12936"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.275"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.6997.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18187\/pjsor.v4i1.59"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.13320"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.10419"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2020.01269"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648221146252"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.5225"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_2","article-title":"Reforming long-term Care Requires a Diversity and Equity Approach","author":"Um S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Policy Options"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_2","unstructured":"CareAbout What is Cultural Competence in Nursing? 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