{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T04:45:01Z","timestamp":1782708301501,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":178,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Nursing Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the irreplaceable benefits of breastfeeding, China\u2019s exclusive breastfeeding rate among infants under 6\u2009months remains far below the WHO target of 50%. Fathers play a critical role in breastfeeding outcomes, yet research exploring their experiences and challenges remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the experience of newborn fathers in supporting breastfeeding and provide a reference for developing an effective breastfeeding support system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on the social\u2013ecological system, this descriptive qualitative study was conducted from October to December 2024. Newborn fathers from the obstetrics department of a tertiary general hospital in Guangzhou were purposively sampled (\n                      <jats:italic>N\u2009=\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      13) for semistructured interviews. Data were organized and analyzed using directed content analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of three themes and seven subthemes were extracted, including microsystem (newborn fathers\u2019 recognition and breastfeeding support but insufficient self\u2010efficacy), mesosystem (the need for optimization of family support systems), and macrosystem (the need for improvement in sociocultural support systems).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Newborn fathers recognize and support breastfeeding, but their low self\u2010efficacy results in inadequate supportive behaviors. Multiple factors, such as individual knowledge and attitudes, family and workplace support, sociocultural influences, and public service systems, interact and influence each other.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications for Nursing Management<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Effective strategies to narrow fathers\u2019 attitude\u2013behavior gap in breastfeeding include practical skill training, continuous daily support, family communication enhancement, workplace optimization, sociocultural guidance, and improved public services. Strengthening research and advocacy on paternal roles can further reduce fathers\u2019 burden and increase their participation, thereby promoting breastfeeding practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/jonm\/5341647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T04:06:44Z","timestamp":1782706004000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Experiences of Newborn Fathers in Supporting Breastfeeding Based on the Social\u2013Ecological System: A Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7288-5969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siya","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9450-7862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yacui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6771-5962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shunmei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1732-4828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minyan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6384-9110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiai","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9538-6281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2022.0192"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_2","unstructured":"China Development Research Foundation Survey Report on Factors Influencing Breastfeeding in China 2019 https:\/\/www.cdrf.org.cn\/jjhdt\/4853.jhtml."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization and United Nations Children\u2019s Fund Global Nutrition Targets 2025: Breastfeeding Policy Brief 2015 https:\/\/www.who.int\/multi-media\/details\/infographics-breastfeeding."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_2","unstructured":"State Council of the People\u2019s Republic of China Notice of the Chinese Women and Children\u2019s Development Program 2021 https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/gongbao\/content\/2021\/content_5643262.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2020.0202"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_2","unstructured":"National Health Commission Circular on the Issuance of the Breastfeeding Promotion Action Plan (2021\u20132025) 2021 http:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/zhengceku\/2021-11\/24\/content_5653169.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2013.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-20136-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2022.0058"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276565"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1004-8189.2024.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/i.issn.2097-1826.2025.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109019818801500401"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-024-02005-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3870\/j.issn.1001-4152.2023.09.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3761\/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1008-9993.2022.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.60099\/prijnr.2025.272604"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_19_2","volume-title":"Effects of an Intervention Based on Co-Parenting Theory on Breastfeeding in Primiparous Women","author":"Zhu Q.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3870\/j.issn.1001-4152.2021.17.082"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19829\/j.zgfybj.issn.1001-4411.2024.07.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19829\/j.zgfybj.issn.1001-4411.2021.22.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-0880-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-81232023284.14242022"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2022.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26719\/emhj.22.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08903344221099914"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1671-7562.2024.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18103\/mra.v13i2.6316"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nursing Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/jonm\/5341647","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/jonm\/5341647","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/jonm\/5341647","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T04:06:58Z","timestamp":1782706018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/jonm\/5341647"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Justin","family":"Fontenot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/jonm\/5341647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/jonm\/5341647","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0966-0429","1365-2834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0966-0429","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5341647"}}