{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T08:00:59Z","timestamp":1784966459273,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":205,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Nursing Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine the extent to which critical reflection competency (CRC) and a healthy work environment (HWE) predict person\u2010centered care (PCC) among nurses in Iranian teaching hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PCC is a fundamental model in healthcare, yet its implementation faces persistent challenges. Critical reflection and a supportive work environment are key factors that may influence care quality, but their simultaneous contribution to PCC dimensions remains underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study was conducted across four Iranian teaching hospitals with a sample of 340 nurses. Data collection (March\u2013June 2025) used three validated instruments: the person\u2010centered practice inventory (PCPI), the critical reflection competency scale (CRCS), and the quality of healthy work environment (QHWE) instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson\u2019s correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CRC and HWE were significant positive predictors across all PCC dimensions. CRC was the strongest predictor for prerequisites (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.506,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) and care processes (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.560,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), whereas HWE was the strongest predictor for the care environment (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.408,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). The final models explained 36.7%\u201341.7% of the variance in PCC dimensions. The initial negative effect of higher patient\u2010to\u2010nurse ratios became nonsignificant after accounting for CRC and HWE, except for care processes where it remained significant (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.011,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that PCC is associated with the interplay of nurses\u2019 individual reflective competencies and the organizational context. Enhancing PCC may require simultaneous attention to fostering critical reflection and implementing organizational reforms that promote a healthier work environment, adequate staffing, and gender\u2010sensitive practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PCC is predicted by both critical reflection and a HWE. Improving PCC likely depends on strengthening reflective abilities alongside organizational changes, rather than focusing solely on individual training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications for Nursing Management<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights key strategies for nursing managers to implement PCC. Managers should integrate reflective practice into daily routines, adopt gender\u2010sensitive leadership to improve fairness and support, advocate for safer staffing ratios, and include reflection competencies in training. Additionally, aligning managerial incentives with workplace culture improvements can help create sustainable environments for daily PCC practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>No Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study examined nurses\u2019 perceptions exclusively; therefore, patients, service users, caregivers, and the public were not involved in the design, conduct, analysis, or manuscript preparation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/jonm\/8152854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T07:20:50Z","timestamp":1784964050000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Correlational Examination of Person\u2010Centered Care, Critical Reflection, and the Nursing Work Environment: Evidence From Iranian Teaching Hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6086-8691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nima","family":"Gharajeh-Alamdari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0022-4835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gholamreza","family":"Hamidkholgh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8016-8625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reza","family":"Nemati-Vakilabad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4650-0494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erfan","family":"Ebadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3907-7908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Salami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4242-2108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Mirzaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_16_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16964"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_2_2","volume-title":"Quality Caring in Nursing and Health Systems: Implications for Clinicians, Educators, and Leaders","author":"Duffy J. 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