{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T06:01:37Z","timestamp":1789970497059,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":262,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Nursing Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Poststroke dysphagia is common and adversely affects patient outcomes, yet no standardised tool exists to assess nursing management capacity in this area.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop and validate the nursing management capacity in poststroke dysphagia (NMC\u2010PSD) Scale, a self\u2010report instrument measuring nurses\u2019 perception of unit\u2010level management capacity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The 35\u2010item scale was adapted from an existing checklist and refined through two rounds of Delphi consultation (I\u2010CVI\u2009=\u20090.80\u20131.00; S\u2010CVI\/Ave\u2009=\u20090.93) and pilot testing. A cross\u2010sectional survey provided psychometric validation. The scale uses a mixed model: a formative structure dimension (resource inputs jointly constituting capacity) alongside reflective process and outcome dimensions. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach\u2019s\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      for the reflective dimensions and test\u2013retest ICC for the total scale and the human resources composite.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In 410 nurses from 12 Chinese provinces, the 26\u2010item reflective core showed adequate internal consistency (process\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.97; outcome\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.95) and test\u2013retest reliability (ICC\u2009=\u20090.98). Bifactor model fit was good: \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (348) = 699.11, CFI\u2009=\u20090.958, TLI\u2009=\u20090.951, RMSEA\u2009=\u20090.050, SRMR\u2009=\u20090.027. The 26\u2010item reflective core showed dominant unidimensionality (ECV\u2009=\u20090.869, \u03c9H\u2009=\u20090.963) and is recommended as the primary validated metric (range 26\u2013130). Nine formative structural indicators, supported by content validity (S\u2010CVI\/Ave\u2009=\u20090.93), are reported separately as descriptive resource inputs. Six specific factors had low independent reliability (\u03c9HS\u2009=\u20090.05\u20130.19) and serve as conceptual or descriptive groupings only. Mean reflective total score was 54.71 (SD\u2009=\u200918.40); the exploratory weighted index was 207.87 (SD\u2009=\u200966.41).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The NMC\u2010PSD Scale demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties as an individual\u2010level measure of nurse\u2010perceived unit capacity. A bifactor re\u2010specification, developed post hoc within the same sample, revealed a dominant general factor underlying the 26 reflective items. Independent cross\u2010validation is warranted. The 26\u2010item reflective total score is recommended as the primary validated metric; nine formative structural indicators are reported separately as descriptive resource inputs. Subscale profiles serve as conceptual or descriptive item groupings only.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications for Nursing Management<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 26\u2010item reflective total score supports individual\u2010level inference regarding nurses\u2019 perceptions of unit management capacity. Organisational\u2010level benchmarking requires further validation of within\u2010unit agreement and aggregation reliability. The nine structural indicators offer descriptive resource profiling, and the exploratory weighted index remains supplementary pending criterion\u2010related validation against objective administrative indicators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/jonm\/9248618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T05:32:58Z","timestamp":1789968778000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Nursing Management Capacity Scale for Poststroke Dysphagia Based on the Donabedian Model"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7260-8994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5755-524X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiwen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1416-5896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lingyi","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5789-596X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5702-6709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changyue","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6810-1223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changyan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-025-04256-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493017694392"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-023-00463-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0254-1424.2023.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-021-10283-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2020.103588"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-016-9695-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.23069"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2016-313356"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873221147740"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-014-9543-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3376-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.018753"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_2","volume-title":"Adult Dysphagia","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16623"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2020.103813"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30443-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-025-02450-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-086184"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12878"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000408"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_2","volume-title":"An Introduction to Quality Assurance in Health Care","author":"Donabedian A.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000663"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PR9.0000000000001284"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_2","volume-title":"Explorations in Quality Assessment and Monitoring: The Definition of Quality and Approaches to Its Assessment","author":"Donabedian A.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_2","volume-title":"Quality of Care: A Process for Making Strategic Choices in Health Systems","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hpm.649"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-014-0048-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep15090342"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-001-0109-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-022-10486-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-64208-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/met0000056"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/376806"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2012.715555"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/met0000045"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.13801"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3761\/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.13.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14218\/NSSS.2026.00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-025-02668-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.12621"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1509\/jmkr.38.2.269.18845"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lrp.2012.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/52934"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnsa.2023.100138"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/6060536"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AS9.0000000000000184"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-016-1064-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.83.2.234"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_2","volume-title":"The Analytic Hierarchy Process","author":"Saaty T. L.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_2","volume-title":"Theory and Applications","author":"DeVellis R. F.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00149"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-11208-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2000.t01-1-01567.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/jonm\/8854459"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.20147"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-026-04339-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anr.2019.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5116\/ijme.5f96.0f4a"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/psych.2018.98126"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S508958"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_62_2","volume-title":"Psychometric Theory","author":"Nunnally J. C.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028085"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2008.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_66_2","volume-title":"IBM SPSS Amos 24.0 User\u2019s Guide","author":"Arbuckle J. L.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11747-014-0403-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_68_2","volume-title":"A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2026"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124192021002004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_70_2","volume-title":"Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling","author":"Kline R. B.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_71_2","unstructured":"DueberD. M. BifactorIndicesCalculator: Bifactor Indices Calculator 2021 https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=BifactorIndicesCalculator."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph23010089"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children13040551"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_74_2","volume-title":"Applied Multivariate Statistics for the Social Sciences","author":"Stevens J. P.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9531.271034"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009904"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-025-01813-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/25152459241287123"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.78.1.98"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0142159X.2020.1781072"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jointm.2025.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-026-05983-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13141714"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2018.24.4.354"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.70401\/bmeh.2024.135"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9333328"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S478245"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.51535"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-025-03384-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-022-03892-7"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nursing Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/jonm\/9248618","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/jonm\/9248618","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/jonm\/9248618","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T05:33:06Z","timestamp":1789968786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/jonm\/9248618"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":90,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/jonm\/9248618"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/jonm\/9248618","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0966-0429","1365-2834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0966-0429","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"9248618"}}