{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T14:02:54Z","timestamp":1777903374798,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":263,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004847","name":"Zahedan University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004847","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Corneal ulcer is one of the most common causes of corneal opacities. This study compared the effects of topical 1% povidone\u2013iodine (PI) and corneal collagen cross\u2010linking in patients with therapy\u2010resistant corneal ulcers.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This single\u2010blind randomized clinical trial included patients referred to Al\u2010Zahra Ophthalmology Hospital in Zahedan, Iran, from 2022 to 2024, who had corneal ulcers resistant to standard therapy. Participants were divided into two groups using stratified permuted block randomization method: one group received 1% PI and the other underwent corneal collagen cross\u2010linking. Signs and symptoms were recorded before treatment and on days 1, 3, 7, and 28 posttreatment. Statistical analysis was performed using generalized estimating equations and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Thirty patients, with a mean age of 52.23\u2009\u00b1\u20092.34\u2009years, participated in this study. Both corneal collagen cross\u2010linking and 1% PI treatments significantly reduced the wound area, stromal infiltration, hypopyon, corneal edema, eye itching, eye burning, and eye pain (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed between the two treatments (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt; 0.09). The improvement rate was 73.3% in the 1% PI group and 60% in the corneal collagen cross\u2010linking group.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Corneal collagen cross\u2010linking and 1% PI demonstrated comparable efficacy in promoting healing of refractory corneal ulcers. Therefore, both methods may be considered for managing corneal ulcers that are resistant to standard therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20221230056988N1\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/joph\/9559107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T05:34:48Z","timestamp":1758519288000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of Collagen Cross\u2010Linking Alone to 1% Povidone\u2013Iodine Treatment of Refractory Corneal Ulcers: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2025","author":[{"given":"Mohammad-Hosein","family":"Validad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soroush","family":"Jamshidian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tahereh","family":"Rakhshandadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9455-0721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monireh","family":"Mahjoob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/opth.s181997"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.81.8.622"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01339-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12348-023-00367-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-9233.151870"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01378-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0000000000000644"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2017.1414856"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12754"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5693\/djo.01.2018.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004170050379"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11030848"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-019-04314-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2008-322x.156087"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0b013e3181a81802"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/jjm.4129"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000214220.67872.b1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/ajcr.919822"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","first-page":"81","article-title":"Topical Cyclosporin Stimulates Neovascularization in Resolving Sterile Rheumatoid Central Corneal Ulcers","volume":"98","author":"Gottsch J. D.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7325483"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ico.0000000000002406"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2022.0122"}],"container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/joph\/9559107","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/joph\/9559107","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/joph\/9559107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:57:32Z","timestamp":1777636652000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/joph\/9559107"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Sudhir","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/joph\/9559107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/joph\/9559107","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-004X","2090-0058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-004X","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-0058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"9559107"}}