{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T22:36:19Z","timestamp":1768257379171,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":362,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013221","name":"Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12-18-18-106-96045-961023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12-18-18-106-96045-961023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013221","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Tropical Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The <jats:italic>loa22<\/jats:italic> protein is highly conserved among pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> serovars and it is expressed during both acute and chronic infections. The aim of this study was to clone and sequence of the <jats:italic>loa22<\/jats:italic> protein\u2010encoding gene of <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> serovars. In this study, 23 pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> serovars and two nonpathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> serovars were used. These serovars were obtained from the microbial culture collection of <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> Reference Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran. Three serovars, including <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic> Sejroe Hardjo\u2010bovis, <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic> Grippotyphosa, <jats:italic>L.<\/jats:italic> Canicola, are used in the preparation of the trivalent vaccine. The <jats:italic>loa22<\/jats:italic> gene was amplified by specific primers and the PCR products were then purified using kit and were cloned into a pTZ57R\/T vector and transformed in competent <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> DH5<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> cells. The cells were then plated onto LB agar containing ampicillin and recombinant colonies subjected to colony PCR to confirm the presence of the <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>l gene. Positive colonies plasmid vector was isolated from cells by High Pure Plasmid Isolation Kit. The <jats:italic>loa22<\/jats:italic> gene was detected in all 23 pathogenic serovars, while this gene was not observed in nonpathogenic <jats:italic>L. biflexa.<\/jats:italic> It was determined that the similarity percentage of the sequenced pathogenic serovars is between 95.5% and 100%. The results concluded that the <jats:italic>loa22<\/jats:italic> gene was highly conserved among various pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> serovars and can be used to develop an effective recombinant vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/jotm\/3900663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T08:19:12Z","timestamp":1735373952000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molecular Characterization of Gene Encoding Outer Membrane Protein <i>loa22<\/i> in Pathogenic <i>Leptospira<\/i> Serovars in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2024","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8792-8128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeganeh","family":"Malek Mohammadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8839-1023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pejvak","family":"Khaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0491-8233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Gharakhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11010191"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-019-5562-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17795\/ijep31859"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2022.105313"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","first-page":"75","article-title":"Leptospirosis: Epidemiology and Preventive Measures","volume":"2","author":"Zavitsanou A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Science Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","first-page":"99","article-title":"Application of Micro Agglutination Test in Detecting Serovars of Leptospira","volume":"16","author":"Khaki P.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.10.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/etd.2018.0004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4557-0891-8.00032-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","first-page":"145","article-title":"Molecular Characterization of the lipL41 Gene of Leptospira Interrogans Vaccinal Serovars in Iran","volume":"70","author":"Soltani M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Archives of Razi Institute"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-1097(03)00619-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24099\/vet.arhiv.0803"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18869\/modares.iem.2.3.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","article-title":"Peptidoglycan Mediates loa22 and Toll-Like Receptor 2 Interactions in Pathogenic Leptospira","author":"Hsu S.-H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030097"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00460-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.1408.08007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00741-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2006.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5958\/2230-732x.2014.01345.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30699\/ijmm.16.5.392"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/22462.9010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","first-page":"373","article-title":"Cloning and Sequencing of the ompL37 Gene Present in Leptospira interrogans, a Surface Protein in Pathogenic Leptospires","volume":"11","author":"Rezaei E.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009747"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","first-page":"51","article-title":"Seroepidemiological Study of Leptospirosis in Ghaemshahr Mazandaran province-Iran, Sept-Oct 2004","volume":"16","author":"Babamahmodi F.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227055"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-019-03797-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2014\/6593.3950"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10020145"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-6-39"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","first-page":"341","article-title":"Molecular Cloning and Expression in E. coli of the Surface-Exposed Lipoprotein LipL41 Gene of Leptospira lai","volume":"32","author":"Li X.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao = Journal of West China University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02789285"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/ircmj.8793"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.3174"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","first-page":"343","article-title":"Phenotypic & Genotypic Conservation of ompL1 & lipL41 Among Leptospiral Isolates of Andaman Islands","volume":"122","author":"Natarajaseenivasan K.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","first-page":"21","article-title":"Virulence Gene goa22\u2013The Molecular Diagnostic Beacon of Canine Leptospirosis","volume":"3","author":"Varadarajan M. T.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45059-8_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmp109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00649-13"}],"container-title":["Journal of Tropical Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/jotm\/3900663","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T08:19:16Z","timestamp":1735373956000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/jotm\/3900663"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Qin-Xiu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/jotm\/3900663"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/jotm\/3900663","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-9686","1687-9694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-9686","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-9694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"3900663"}}