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These plants exhibiting promising antiparasitic activity were selected on the basis of collected behavioral data and the ability of these plants to decrease parasite load in Sumatran orangutans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Plant extracts of different concentrations (0.15625\u201310\u2009mg\/mL) and metronidazole (100\u2009\u03bcg\/mL), a standard antigiardial drug, were incubated with 10\n                      <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                      trophozoites per milliliter of growth medium in 96\u2010well tissue culture plates under anaerobic conditions for 24\u2009h. Cultures were counted in a hemocytometer using a light microscope and then statistically evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All tested plants were found to be effective to some extent against\n                      <jats:italic>Giardia intestinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      trophozoites, with eight of them having never been previously tested for any biological activity nor probably used in ethnomedicine (as far as we know).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our results show that these extracts have potential as an alternative treatment of enteric diseases caused by\n                      <jats:italic>G. intestinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and confirm the assumption that orangutans use these plants for self\u2010medication.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/jotm\/6520515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:51:11Z","timestamp":1785423071000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vitro Antigiardial Activity of Selected Plants From the Indonesian Rain Forest Identified Based on Behavioral Observations of Sumatran Orangutans"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8231-6302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radka","family":"Peckov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4938-0350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karel","family":"Dole\u017eal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5320-7599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Pet\u0159\u00edk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6725-9383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Prikryl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1622-0125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Ko\u010d\u00ed\u0159ov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2218-6307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wisnu","family":"Nurcahyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9757-3993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivona","family":"Foitov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Giardia. 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