{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T08:20:37Z","timestamp":1787818837855,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":238,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Tropical Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n                    mosquitoes are major vectors of malaria, a disease that continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide.\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010based insecticides are widely recognized as effective, environmentally friendly, and sustainable tools for mosquito control. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate native\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains from diverse environmental sources and evaluate their potential for mosquito control.\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains with high biocidal activity were isolated, identified, genetically characterized, and physiologically characterized. The larvicidal and adulticidal activities of culture supernatants and cell pellets were evaluated separately. Eight\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains exhibited strong biocidal activity in their culture supernatants at a concentration equivalent to 8 McFarland units (approximately 2.4 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009CFU\/mL) within 24\u2009h. The culture supernatants showed significant larvicidal activity, with LC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    and LC\n                    <jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub>\n                    values of 0.24 (95% CI: 0.01\u20130.69) CFU\/mL and 1.57 (95% CI: 0.55\u20134.34) CFU\/mL, respectively. The most active strains were identified by biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Laboratory bioassays demonstrated that the culture supernatants were effective against both larval and adult\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n                    mosquitoes. SDS\u2010PAGE analysis revealed protein bands ranging from 15 to 130\u2009kDa, including bands within molecular weight ranges commonly associated with putative Cry\/Cyt\u2010like proteins. These findings provide preliminary evidence of proteins that may be associated with the observed mosquitocidal activity. The most active\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    preparations also showed greater activity than clothianidin under the laboratory conditions tested. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of native\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    culture supernatants as environmentally friendly candidates for the development of biological mosquito control agents.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/jotm\/8822832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T08:07:36Z","timestamp":1787818056000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Native\n                    <i>Bacillus<\/i>\n                    Strains Crude Culture Product Exhibits High Biocidal Activities Against Larvae and Adult\n                    <i>Anopheles<\/i>\n                    Mosquitoes"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8219-5598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tirsit","family":"Tibebu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gemechu","family":"Tafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teshome","family":"Korme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Endale","family":"Berhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7623-8443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mesfin Getachew","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1496-2863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mesfin","family":"Tafesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3711-1428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Musin","family":"Kelel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-08444-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization WHO Malaria Policy Advisory Committee (MPAC) Meeting: Meeting Report 2019 World Health Organization 1\u201323."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/insects14030221"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","first-page":"263","article-title":"Malaria Vector Control History and Challenges in Ethiopia: Mini Asian Journal of Advances in Medical Science Malaria Vector Control History and Challenges in Ethiopia: Mini Review","volume":"3","author":"Waldetensai A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"ResearchGate"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2016.00148"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2011.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evy211"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1922-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2023.103610"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbe.2015.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2011.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2015.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12120773"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0318-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859612000986"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-13-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Guidelines for Laboratory and Field Testing of Mosquito Larvicides","author":"World Health Organization Communicable Disease Control","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_2","unstructured":"WeisburgW. 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