{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T07:06:47Z","timestamp":1790060807558,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":263,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Tropical Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Finished herbal antimalarials are widely used in Ghana, although scientific reports regarding their antiplasmodial activity and safety of these products are limited. This study, therefore, assessed the antiplasmodial activities and safety of three widely distributed antimalarial polyherbal products. These products (samples A, B and C) were obtained through a minisurvey conducted in the Accra and Kumasi Metropolises. The SYBR Green fluorescence antiplasmodial assay was conducted on different stages of chloroquine\u2010resistant and chloroquine\u2010sensitive strains of\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Cytotoxicity and subacute toxicity were assessed following MTT assay and OECD guidelines, respectively. Samples A, B and C yielded IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\u03bcg\/mL) values of 0.869\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10, 0.828\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05 and 3.07\u2009\u00b1\u20090.098, respectively, against the chloroquine\u2010sensitive (3D7) strain at the trophozoite stage. At the schizont stage, samples A, B and C exhibited moderate to weak activities with IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\u03bcg\/mL) values of 9.96\u2009\u00b1\u20090.63, 7.71\u2009\u00b1\u20091.63 and 13.66\u2009\u00b1\u20091.91, respectively. At the gametocyte stage, samples A, B and C displayed moderate to weak activity with IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\u03bcg\/mL) values of 13.59\u2009\u00b1\u20090.49, 17.92\u2009\u00b1\u20090.814 and 59.65\u2009\u00b1\u20091.61, respectively. Parasite inhibition against the chloroquine\u2010resistant strain (Dd2) at the trophozoite stage demonstrated good antiplasmodial activities for samples A and B, with IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\u03bcg\/mL) values of 0.939\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04 and 0.318\u2009\u00b1\u20090.01, respectively. Sample C yielded an IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\u03bcg\/mL) value of 15.09\u2009\u00b1\u20090.319. In conclusion, the three products are antiplasmodial agents and are safe in the rodent model.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/jotm\/8959836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T06:38:51Z","timestamp":1790059131000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antiplasmodial Activity and Safety Evaluation of Three Widely Distributed Polyherbal Antimalarials in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2625-5114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lydia Serwaa","family":"Gyimah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7641-3026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Godfred Ansah","family":"Asiamah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9713-9487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron Opoku","family":"Antwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7723-9595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eugene Agyei","family":"Aboagye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3252-0575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix Kwame","family":"Zoiku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5406-9650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelyn","family":"Asante-Kwatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0548-2400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnold Donkor","family":"Forkuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","unstructured":"WHO World Malaria Report 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) World Malaria Report 2023: Spread View 2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2015.06.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/sci2030049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","unstructured":"FDAG Food and Drugs Authority Guideline for Registration of Herbal Medicinal Products in Ghana 2013 1\u20139."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","volume-title":"Marketing Research: An Applied Approach","author":"Malhotra N.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MagoutM. 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