{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T03:10:06Z","timestamp":1777950606595,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":123,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2022-140134OB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2022-140134OB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pregnancy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study is to explore the conditions of pregnancy and gynaecological care for women in prison in Spain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An exploratory qualitative research study was carried out, involving 125 semi\u2010structured interviews with 79 prison professionals and 46 women prisoners in 16 prisons in Spain. The participants were selected through theoretical sampling. The study was based on a thematic analytical procedure inspired by grounded theory, which produced certain unexpected results that are the focus of this study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of the interviews reveal that obstetric violence (OV) can take place through actors other than healthcare professionals, such as the police force when they guard and transfer pregnant inmates to obstetrics appointments or other inmates who require gynaecological services. During gynaecological examinations and tests, female inmates are kept in handcuffs or restraints and with police officers present in the room, violating their privacy and rights. The responses of gynaecologists to this situation are diverse.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gynaecologists should be the ones with authority in the medical consultations of female prisoners, and they should not allow the humiliation and violation of the rights of these women, as stated in the United Nations Bangkok Rules. Most female inmates are not dangerous, with non\u2010aggressive and non\u2010violent offences, so they would not put the lives of healthcare personnel at risk, and the continuation of this practice is more a question of compliance with protocols than of real risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/jp\/3728026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T07:53:14Z","timestamp":1777881194000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Obstetric Violence Against Female Prisoners in Spain: Experiences and Violations of Rights"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5368-4253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Meneses-Falc\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7945-2135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Almudena Ju\u00e1rez","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1573-6865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Mar\u00eda Zan\u00f3n","family":"Bay\u00f3n-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","volume-title":"Reglas de Naciones Unidas para el tratamiento de las reclusas y medidas no privativas de libertad para mujeres delincuentes y sus comentarios","author":"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2018.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40352-022-00196-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-1080-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","volume-title":"Manual sobre mujeres y encarcelamiento. 2da. edici\u00f3n, en l\u00ednea con las Reglas de las Naciones Unidas para el tratamiento de las reclusas y medidas no privativas de la libertad para mujeres delincuentes (Reglas de Bangkok)","author":"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18294\/sc.2024.4665"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","volume-title":"Informe sobre la situaci\u00f3n de las mujeres presas. Tratamiento y derechos de las mujeres privadas de libertad en los centros penitenciarios de Espa\u00f1a y Andaluc\u00eda","author":"Asociaci\u00f3n Pro Derechos Humanos de Andaluc\u00eda","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","volume-title":"Prevenci\u00f3n y erradicaci\u00f3n de la falta de respeto y el maltrato durante la atenci\u00f3n del parto en centros de salud","author":"Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial de la Salud","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep13040115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-462x202432020020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.16145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.14962"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9789\/2175-5361.rpcfo.v15.12924"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11124\/JBISRIR-2016-002950"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","first-page":"20","article-title":"Escorting Pregnant Prisoners\u2014The Experiences of Women and Staff: \u2018Quite a Lot of Us Like Doing It, Because You Get to See a Baby, or You Get To See a Birth\u2019","volume":"241","author":"Abbott L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prison Service Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2023.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2012.0048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","unstructured":"Amnesty International USA: Rights for All: Not Part of My Sentence Violations of the Human Rights of Women in Custody 1999 https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/documents\/amr51\/001\/1999\/en\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","unstructured":"del PuebloD. 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