{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T10:06:28Z","timestamp":1775642788787,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":97,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pregnancy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Midwives play a critical role in the prevention of mother\u2010to\u2010child transmission (PMTCT) of Hepatitis B in Ghana. Their beliefs, perceptions, and attitudes may influence the uptake and delivery of preventive practices. This study used the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as a guiding framework to explore these factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A qualitative exploratory descriptive design was used to engage 14 midwives who were purposively sampled from the Madina Polyclinic, Accra, from February to April 2020. Data were collected through in\u2010depth semistructured interviews, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed manually using content analysis. Themes and subthemes were identified and reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings of the study revealed one main theme of subjective norms reflecting issues of superior influence and organization protocols, and one other main theme of attitudes, encompassing positive behaviors towards PMTCT. Midwives generally perceived hepatitis B as severe and highly infectious, adhered to protocols, and demonstrated positive engagement in vaccination, screening, and health education. Fear of infection sometimes led to exaggerated protective practices, but did not prevent care delivery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Midwives\u2032 attitudes and subjective norms are important determinants of PMTCT practices. Strengthening training, supervision, and promoting hepatitis B vaccination among health care workers could reduce fear, enhance preventive practices, and contribute to HBV elimination in Ghana.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/jp\/4644339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T09:29:42Z","timestamp":1775640582000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Beliefs and Perceptions of Midwives on Prevention of Mother\u2010to\u2010Child Transmission of Hepatitis B in Selected Primary Health Care Facilities in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6117-782X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adiza Atoko","family":"Mumuni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3382-8392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florence","family":"Naab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2590-604X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles Ampong","family":"Adjei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4360-4747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vivian Efua","family":"Senoo-Dogbey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) Hepatitis B 2019 WHO Fact Sheet (accessed August 10 2023)https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hepatitis-b."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","volume-title":"Introducing a Framework for Implementing Triple Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Syphilis and Hepatitis B Virus","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29800"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","volume-title":"Hepatitis B vaccine","author":"Center for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2019.33.218.17242"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-025-05705-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-14618-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines6010015"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23779608231177547"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1467-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23779608241262900"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-017-0574-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe8417113"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-025503"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JPHE2015.0795"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225830"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.13054"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.13095"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojn.2017.75042"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12199-021-00983-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijregi.2023.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09703-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvacx.2023.100421"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_2","article-title":"Original Article Implementation of \u201cHealth Systems Approach\u201d to Improve Vaccination at Birth in Institutional Deliveries at Public Health Facilities; Experience From Six States of India","volume":"6","author":"Rajeev G.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-4606-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_2","volume-title":"Guidelines on Hepatitis B and C Testing","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_2","volume-title":"Global Hepatitis Report 2017","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11604\/PAMJ.2017.28.174.10971"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-015-1129-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-018-4002-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5923\/j.phr.20170704.03"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_2","first-page":"28","article-title":"Senior Health Sciences Students\u2019 Perception of Occupational Risk of Viral Hepatitis and Attitudes Toward Patients Diagnosed With Viral Hepatitis B and C","volume":"11","author":"Almutairi R.","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Health Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_2","unstructured":"MumuniA. 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