{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T21:21:40Z","timestamp":1784409700794,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":57,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Skin Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Cutaneous T\u2010cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are a type of non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma that usually involves the skin. It has different subtypes including mycosis fungoides (MFs), S\u00e9zary syndrome (SS), primary cutaneous anaplastic large lymphoma (PC\u2010ALCL), lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), and subcutaneous panniculitis\u2013like T\u2010cell lymphoma (SPTCL). There are several reports of incidence, relapse, or progression of CTCLs by using specific drugs. We aim to identify drug\u2010 and vaccine\u2010induced CTCL characteristics. A systematic search was conducted using MeSH terms\/keywords: CTCL and drug\u2010induced or drug\u2010associated or vaccine\u2010associated or vaccine induced through PubMed\/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase until May 10, 2024. Out of 14,031 papers, 60 articles were included, involving 71 patients with a mean age of 53.5\u2009\u00b1\u200917\u2009years. Among them, 52.1% were male. Medications were categorized into four groups: conventional, biologics, small molecules, and vaccines. The most frequently reported medications in the first group were fingolimod (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098) and methotrexate (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20097). Infliximab (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096) and etanercept (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095) were the most commonly reported biologics. Pfizer\u2013BioNTech (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911) vaccine and JAK inhibitors (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20093) were the most reported vaccine and small molecules. LyP (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200917) was the most frequently reported type of CTCL, followed by PC\u2010ALCL (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200913), MF (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200911), SS (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098), and SPTCL (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098). The most common underlying conditions were rheumatoid arthritis (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200915) and multiple sclerosis (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200910). Twenty patients (28%) experienced disease regression after discontinuing the drug, with a mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD of 8.6\u2009\u00b1\u20098.8\u2009weeks. In 14 patients (20%), chemotherapy and\/or radiotherapy were initiated. Six patients passed away after being diagnosed with CTCL: two because of CTCL recurrence and four because of other complications. It is important recognizing CTCL as a possible, although rare, adverse effect of certain drugs and vaccines, and taking a history of vaccinations, especially COVID\u201019 vaccines, and immunosuppressive drugs such as fingolimod, TNF\u2010a inhibitors, and methotrexate.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/jskc\/3103865","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T12:13:52Z","timestamp":1741695232000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Drug\u2010 and Vaccine\u2010Induced Cutaneous T\u2010Cell Lymphoma: A Systematic Review of the 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Sadat","family":"Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elnaz","family":"Pourgholi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2683-3750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sama","family":"Heidari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arezou","family":"Rafati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Bahramian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bardia","family":"Danaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sardar","family":"Demokri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Fazeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0104-5350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huria","family":"Memari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadis","family":"Mirzaee 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