{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T02:40:36Z","timestamp":1792118436275,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,7]],"date-time":"2006-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1146960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":126,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The purpose of the present study was to examine the profile of selected proinflammatory cytokines in maternal serum of first\u2010trimester pregnancies complicated by threatened abortion (TACP) and its relevance to obstetric outcome. Serum levels of Th1\u2010type cytokines interleukin\u20101\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    (IL\u20101\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF\u2010alpha), and Th2\u2010type cytokine interleukin 6 (IL\u20106) were measured, by ELISA, in 22 women with TACP and adverse outcome at admission (group A) and compared with the corresponding levels of 31 gestational age\u2010matched women with TACP and successful outcome at admission (group B1) and discharge (group B2) and 22 gestational age\u2010matched women with first\u2010trimester uncomplicated pregnancy (group C) who served as controls. Mann\u2010Whitney U or Wilcoxon test was applied as appropriate to compare differences between groups. IL\u20101\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and TNF\u2010alpha were detected with significantly higher levels in group A, compared to all other groups. On the contrary, IL\u20106 levels were detected with no significant difference among all the other groups studied. It is concluded that in first\u2010trimester TACP with adverse outcome, a distinct immune response, as reflected by elevated maternal IL\u20101\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , TNF\u2010alpha, and unaltered IL\u20106 levels, is relevant to a negative obstetric outcome.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/mi\/2006\/30485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,14]],"date-time":"2006-05-14T02:43:27Z","timestamp":1147574607000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Elevated Circulating IL\u20101\n                    <i>\u03b2<\/i>\n                    and TNF\u2010Alpha, and Unaltered IL\u20106 in First\u2010Trimester Pregnancies Complicated by Threatened Abortion With an Adverse Outcome"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2006","author":[{"given":"Nicolaos","family":"Vitoratos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantinos","family":"Papadias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Economou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Makrakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantinos","family":"Panoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Creatsas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_2","first-page":"1243","article-title":"Management of spontaneous abortion","volume":"72","author":"Griebel C P","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(03)00119-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(93)90235-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520480053039"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1999.1532"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.10.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(03)00160-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.05.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0897.2003.01192.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg094"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(02)00016-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1992.tb00772.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(01)02002-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(01)01914-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.10.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.1997.tb07846.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2004.00179.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0378(02)00059-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.8755-8920.2001.450106.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-003-0547-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","first-page":"CR607","article-title":"T-helper (1) cytokines increase during early pregnancy in women with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"8","author":"Rezaei","year":"2002","journal-title":"Medical Science Monitor"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"118","article-title":"Serum soluble CD23 and TNF-alpha in women with spontaneous abortion in the first trimester","volume":"26","author":"Matalliotakis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gyncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(98)00252-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2005.00250.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2003.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2003.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","first-page":"237","article-title":"Circulating cytokines during early pregnancy in women with recurrent spontaneous \nabortion: decreased TNF-alpha levels in abortion with normal chromosome karyotype","volume":"79","author":"Yamada","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi"}],"container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2006\/030485.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/MI\/2006\/30485","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T16:33:19Z","timestamp":1717691599000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/MI\/2006\/30485"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/MI\/2006\/30485"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/mi\/2006\/30485","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-9351","1466-1861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-9351","type":"print"},{"value":"1466-1861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-05-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"030485"}}