{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T23:04:18Z","timestamp":1779663858475,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":128,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurology Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive impairment (CI) has been reported with wide variability in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), but its impact on patients\u2019 quality of life (QoL) is not well understood. The aim of this study was to describe the cognitive characteristics and various aspects of QoL of NMOSD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study included 49 NMOSD patients (30 seropositive for AQP4\u2010IgG) and 43 healthy controls (HCs). A set of questionnaires, including information of demographic and clinical characteristics, Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life\u201054 (MSQOL\u201054), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), was completed. Cognitive assessment was performed using the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis (MACFIMS) by a trained individual.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on CI criteria, 24 patients (48.98%) were classified as cognitively impaired, of whom 20 (83.33%) were AQP4\u2010IgG seropositive. There was a strong positive correlation between CI and AQP4\u2010IgG seropositivity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Seropositive patients performed worse on the PASAT (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) and D\u2010KEFS (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) tests of MACFIMS. None of the MSQOL\u201054 subscale scores were significantly affected by AQP4\u2010IgG seropositivity, and there was no significant relationship between the physical or mental health composite score of the MSQOL\u201054 and CI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that cognitive impairment is a relevant yet underrecognized feature of NMOSD, particularly among AQP4\u2010IgG seropositive patients. The lack of association between CI and QoL highlights the need for more sensitive, disease\u2010specific assessment tools. Further longitudinal and multicenter research is warranted to clarify the mechanisms and clinical impact of these impairments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/nri\/5624714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T23:00:09Z","timestamp":1778367609000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cognitive Impairment and Quality of Life in AQP4\u2010IgG Seropositive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study in Iranian Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6868-3246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeed","family":"Ramazanzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4881-958X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Ashtari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12050743"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000703"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0000000000001729"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1842"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04393-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0000000000011153"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-018-0900-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jrms.jrms_703_23"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","article-title":"Association of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Atrophy with Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder","volume":"46","author":"Barzegar M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8345-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.102757"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2016.00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-020-01347-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.103647","article-title":"Health-Related Quality of Life in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Patients in an Argentinean Cohort","volume":"59","author":"Carnero Contentti E.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/nxi.0000000000000580"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2022.103500"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2018.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.11.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.33.11.1444"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2012.694912"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_2","article-title":"Validity of the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis (MACFIMS)","volume":"37","author":"Benedict R. 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