{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T05:38:38Z","timestamp":1792474718306,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":291,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    As medicinal plants offer promising alternatives to synthetic drugs, this study explored the ex vivo antioxidant and in vitro anti\u2010inflammatory capacities of\n                    <jats:italic>Pithecellobium dulce<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaf extracts, alongside the in vivo anti\u2010inflammatory potential of its bioactive flavonoid, afzelin, using experimental and computational approaches. In erythrocytes, 2,2\n                    <jats:sup>\u2032<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010azobis(2\u2010amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH) induced a time\u2010dependent increase in hemolysis, malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, and depletion of cytosolic glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The chloroform fraction (CHF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) mitigated hemolysis and lipid peroxidation, enhanced GSH and SOD levels, lowered MDA levels compared with the AAPH group, and also protected P\n                    <jats:sup>UC19<\/jats:sup>\n                    plasmid DNA from oxidative damage. In anti\u2010inflammatory assays, EAF and CHF inhibited heat\u2010induced red blood cell (RBC) lysis by 57.31%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.80% and 51.39%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.27% and egg albumin denaturation by 39.74%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.77% and 37.20%\u2009\u00b1\u20092.16%, respectively, compared with 61.52%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.58% for acetylsalicylic acid. Afzelin (50\u2009mg\/kg body weight) reduced carrageenan\u2010induced paw edema by 56.16%, versus 70.83% for diclofenac sodium. Bioinformatics analysis identified 38 potential anti\u2010inflammatory protein targets of afzelin, of which 11 were further examined via molecular docking. Docking results revealed favorable binding energies for all targets, with the highest affinity observed for JAK3 (\u22129.60\u2009kcal\/mol) compared to native ligands. These computational results suggest that afzelin can form stable, energetically favorable interactions with multiple key proinflammatory proteins. Overall, these findings indicate that\n                    <jats:italic>P. dulce<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaf extracts possess significant antioxidant and anti\u2010inflammatory activities, and afzelin showed predicted interactions with multiple kinase and nonkinase inflammation\u2010associated proteins.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/omcl\/5529212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T04:48:14Z","timestamp":1792471694000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrated Analysis of\n                    <i>Pithecellobium dulce<\/i>\n                    Leaf Fractions for Ex Vivo Antioxidant, DNA Damage Protective, and Afzelin\u2010Mediated Anti\u2010Inflammatory Potentials via In Vivo and In Silico Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2607-270X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masuma","family":"Akter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Science University of Rajshahi  Rajshahi 6205 Bangladesh  ru.ac.bd"},{"name":"School of Natural Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University  Sydney 2109 New South Wales Australia  mq.edu.au"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6731-8118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mst. 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