{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T19:59:43Z","timestamp":1772999983825,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":53,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007280","name":"Srinakharinwirot University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["444\/2562"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["444\/2562"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007280","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parkinson's Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Constipation Scoring System (CSS) is a validated tool for assessing constipation severity and has been previously applied in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) populations. However, comparative data on post\u2010treatment CSS outcomes between individuals with and without PD remain lacking. This study aimed to compare post\u2010treatment constipation severity between PD and non\u2010PD patients in real\u2010world clinical settings, with particular focus on neurology and gastroenterology outpatient clinics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective chart review included 67 patients with PD from a neurology clinic and 50 non\u2010PD patients with constipation from a gastroenterology clinic. Baseline characteristics were retrieved from electronic medical records. Follow\u2010up assessments were conducted through direct or telephone interviews to evaluate constipation severity using the CSS. Additional data were collected on patients\u2019 self\u2010reported intake of water, coffee, carbohydrates, and fiber, as well as exercise habits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Post\u2010treatment CSS scores did not differ significantly between groups (PD: 6.07\u2009\u00b1\u20093.57 vs. non\u2010PD: 5.24\u2009\u00b1\u20092.84;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.172), with most participants classified as having mild constipation. No significant differences were observed in daily water, coffee, or fiber intake, or in exercise habits. However, non\u2010PD patients reported significantly higher carbohydrate intake compared to PD patients (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.003). PD patients more frequently reported long\u2010standing constipation symptoms (\u2265\u20096\u2009years) than non\u2010PD patients (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Patterns of laxative use also differed: while sennosides were most commonly used in both groups, non\u2010PD patients more frequently used lactulose and mucilin, whereas PD patients more commonly used Unison enemas (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.020) and milk of magnesia (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.070).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although constipation severity and treatment outcomes were comparable between PD and non\u2010PD patients, PD patients more often experienced long\u2010standing symptoms and demonstrated distinct patterns of laxative use. Prospective studies are warranted to evaluate standardized treatment protocols to better clarify treatment outcomes and inform clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/padi\/1105437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T17:27:45Z","timestamp":1772990865000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Outcomes Following Constipation Treatments Between Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Non\u2010Parkinson\u2019s Disease Patients Evaluated by the Constipation Scoring System"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7358-6407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kulthida","family":"Methawasin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atip","family":"Krittayasingh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8049-9574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kitsarawut","family":"Khuancharee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piyanant","family":"Chonmaitree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0747-0174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monton","family":"Wongwandee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20942"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02056950"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00621"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.3.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.50.2.318"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.parkinsonsmeasurement.org\/toolBox\/levodopaEquivalentDose.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh072"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-018-1034-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-1306-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-018-0042-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-004-1706-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/742128"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","article-title":"Scoring Systems in Evaluation of Constipation and Obstructed Defecation Syndrome (ODS)","volume":"25","author":"Sharma S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"JIMSA"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0b013e3181c34af5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.09.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26866"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21243"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.1211"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0b013e3182574f28"}],"container-title":["Parkinson's 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