{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T14:58:56Z","timestamp":1786719536151,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":225,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parkinson's Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Aerobic exercise programs with proprioceptive sensory feedback elements such as split\u2010belt treadmill training, perturbation treadmill training, and dynamic cycling improve function in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PwPD). However, these tools are expensive and not highly accessible. Speed\u2010variable (SV) treadmill training utilizes small\u2010amplitude treadmill belt speed fluctuations every 10\u201360\u2009s, emulating aforementioned paradigms in a more\u2010accessible design targeted toward home or gym settings. Fourteen PwPD (67.6\u2009\u00b1\u20096.5\u2009years, 6 female) completed one 30\u2010min session of SV training and one 30\u2010min session of normal (N) non\u2010speed\u2010varied treadmill training in a counterbalanced design. Motor function was assessed pre\u2010 and postexercise with KinesiaONE inertial measurement unit validated for assessment of symptoms including tremor, bradykinesia, rhythm, and amplitude of movement. Heart rate (HR) did not differ significantly (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.146,\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009\u22121.102) across conditions, with average HR in 60%\u201365% age\u2010predicted HRmax range. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was significantly (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.020,\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092.274, effect size 0.608) lower in SV condition than N condition by 0.8 points on the 6\u201020 Borg scale. Generalized linear mixed model analysis revealed significant interaction effects in sum hand motor function, bradykinesia and tremor sum, and resting and postural tremor items (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05), driven by improvements in symptoms post\u2010SV exercise. No significant interactions were observed for hand amplitude, rhythm of movement, or lower body symptoms. Overall, data support SV treadmill training as an exercise paradigm for PwPD to acutely impact hand motor function utilizing a standard treadmill. Future work should evaluate multiple sessions of training and evaluate dose\u2013response effect of speed variability.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/padi\/6163541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T14:06:20Z","timestamp":1786716380000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Speed\u2010Variable Treadmill Training Improves Hand Motor Function in Individuals With Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9193-6704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara","family":"Shigo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4909-8940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brittany 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