{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T03:14:34Z","timestamp":1784776474737,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":209,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003769","name":"Eisai","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parkinson's Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    There are many pharmacological treatment options beyond levodopa for Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), with a variety of drug classes and formulations available. To achieve patient\u2010centered care, clinicians must consider patients\u2019 backgrounds and preferences when selecting medications.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To investigate medication preferences regarding efficacy, safety, dosage\/formulation, and cost in Japanese PD patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Adults (18\u201390\u2009years) from the Japan Parkinson\u2019s Disease Association receiving PD medication were eligible. An online survey was conducted, involving a discrete choice experiment, which set five medication characteristics including improvement of bothersome symptoms, risk of dyskinesia, risk of side effects other than dyskinesia, dosage\/formulation, and monthly out\u2010of\u2010pocket cost. A questionnaire about the value of efficacy and safety of PD medications was also included.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In the full analysis set (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009207), the mean age was 65.2\u2009years, 53.1% were female, and 62.8% had wearing\u2010off. The most impotrant characteristics of PD medications for patients were the risk of dyskinesia, improvement of bothersome symptoms, and risk of side effects other than dyskinesia. Latent class analysis identified three groups with different preferences who have varied backgrounds, such as disease severity. The three most important symptoms patients wanted to improve were moving difficulty\/slow movement (79.7%), body stiffness (43.5%), and pain (42.0%). The three most important side effects patients wanted to avoid were dyskinesia (54.6%), hallucinations\/visual hallucinations (19.3%), and constipation (11.6%).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    PD patients placed the highest importance on the risk of dyskinesia for PD medications and also efficacy. To achieve patient\u2010centered care, clinicians should consider patients\u2019 backgrounds and preferences when selecting medications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/padi\/9526138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T14:30:52Z","timestamp":1753799452000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Patients\u2019 Preferences for Parkinson\u2019s Disease Pharmacotherapy: An Online Discrete Choice 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