{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T11:12:28Z","timestamp":1788865948993,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":250,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Research and Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bibliometric analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To optimize pain management and identify future research trends through bibliometric analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary of Background Data<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postoperative lumbar spine pain is multifactorial and often persists despite successful surgery, reducing patients\u2019 quality of life, increasing healthcare use, and increasing the risks of opioid dependence and psychological distress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from eligible studies were extracted through a comprehensive search and various analyses, including descriptive bibliometrics, citations, keywords, and thematic analyses. Group comparisons were made between Asian and non\u2010Asian groups to assess differences and trends between the two regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 1984 and 2025, 197 studies were published, with an average annual increase of 1.70%. At least 10 studies were contributed by the USA, Turkey, Iran, China, and Korea. Studies from the USA had the highest annual citations, whereas those from Spain had the highest citations per article. The focus of most studies (96.45%) was on pharmacological interventions, including anesthetics, opioids, nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs, antipyretic\u2013analgesic drugs, corticosteroids, serotonin\u2013norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, nonopioid centrally acting analgesics, and nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers. Among these, intravenous administration was used in 48.22% of the studies, and 58.38% employed a placebo as the control. Additionally, 77.16% of the studies used the Visual Analog Scale to assess pain. Overall, the field has shifted from basic pain management to more personalized and multifaceted perioperative strategies, especially for patients undergoing complex spinal surgeries. Significant differences were observed between the Asian and non\u2010Asian groups regarding publication year and age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The number of randomized controlled trials on lumbar postoperative pain has increased, with the USA, Turkey, Iran, and Korea dominating the research. China\u2019s lower citation ranking was lower on citation\u2010based indicators; limited international visibility is proposed as a hypothesis for this pattern rather than an established explanation. Driven by the opioid crisis, the field has evolved from opioid\u2010sparing strategies to multimodal, personalized care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/prm\/3601838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:55:55Z","timestamp":1788864955000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Application of Pain Management After Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Bibliometric Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1339-2560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duoduo","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6532-5100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yena","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4078-691X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5714-8292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4868-0095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"He","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4738-7075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caoyuan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7924-4616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3303-0034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranya","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7081-6445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qifei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2984-6435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anagul","family":"Tudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8400-7921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bofei","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5028-3086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changxin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3598-3492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jopan.2021.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-015-4193-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1502-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/rhu.0000000000001320"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mrr.0000000000000567"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0170303"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-33267-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.61611"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0313528"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2017.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wnsx.2024.100360"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-021-00256-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-017585"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-024-10769-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22603\/ssrr.2023-0272"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.4784"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2023.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15230"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ana.0000151407.62650.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200106000-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000782"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf03018484"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf03017921"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200407000-00027"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-015-0004-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_2","first-page":"883","article-title":"Perioperative Administration of Gabapentin 1200 Mg Day-1 and Pregabalin 300 Mg day-1 for Pain Following Lumbar Laminectomy and Discectomy: A Randomised, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study","volume":"52","author":"Ozgencil E.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Singapore Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200103000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/brs.0000000000000185"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-005-0309-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e3181b2ba08"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_2","first-page":"145","article-title":"A Prospective Randomized Study For Postoperative Pain Relief Of Lower Extremity Fractures: Efficacy Of Intrathecal Morphine Administration","volume":"72","author":"Machino M.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nagoya Journal of Medical Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1130-1473(08)70248-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0b013e32833731a4"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e318246b0a6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000326"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000010229"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0000000000002061"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4726-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04308-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.05.101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/ircmj.34559"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-020-00038-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12237468"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02789-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-024-02768-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2021.102347"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2023-ESRA.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/11101849.2023.2239034"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/brs.0000000000005303"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/jpr.S431197"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.14000"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/brs.0000000000004921"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joim.2022.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0000000000006844"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/js9.0000000000000821"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-022-01875-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0b013e3181b7fef5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24875\/CIRU.23000311"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252626"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ana.0000000000000537"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2023.26.149","article-title":"The Efficacy of Erector Spinae Plane Block Compared with Intrathecal Morphine in Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Double-Blind Prospective Comparative Study","volume":"26","author":"Mahmoud A. M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-017-0450-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/bsd.0000000000000761"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.2020.33.1.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-008-0547-6"}],"container-title":["Pain Research and Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/prm\/3601838","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/prm\/3601838","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/prm\/3601838","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:55:57Z","timestamp":1788864957000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/prm\/3601838"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Suraiya","family":"Saleem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/prm\/3601838"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/prm\/3601838","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1203-6765","1918-1523"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1203-6765","type":"print"},{"value":"1918-1523","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"3601838"}}