{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:52:39Z","timestamp":1791355959015,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":278,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005743","name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Research and Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Headache associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody\u2010associated disease (MOGAD) is poorly characterized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the prevalence, clinical phenotypes, and longitudinal evolution of headache in MOGAD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this single\u2010center retrospective cohort study based on prospectively collected clinical data, consecutive adult patients diagnosed with MOGAD between 2020 and 2024 were enrolled. Demographic, clinical, and radiological data were collected. Headaches were classified according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Patients underwent quarterly evaluations over 1\u2009year. Pain severity was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale at baseline and at the 1\u2010year visit, while headache\u2010related disability was assessed using the Migraine Disability Assessment at the 1\u2010year visit in patients reporting headache.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010two patients were included (median age 35\u2009years; 54.5% male). Headache occurred in 54.5% at onset and 68.2% after 1\u2009year. Pre\u2010existing primary headache disorders were present in 54.5%. Headaches showed heterogeneous features, commonly retro\u2010orbital or unilateral frontal pain with pulsating or pressure\u2010like quality and associated photophobia\/phonophobia. Migraine was the predominant phenotype at 1\u2009year. Headache characteristics evolved over time in 73.7% of the cases, while 50% reported inadequate response to symptomatic therapy. Female sex, pre\u2010existing headache, and rituximab exposure were associated with headache persistence in univariable analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Headache is common in MOGAD, often pre\u2010existing, with heterogeneous phenotypes, although its clinical burden and evolution over time remain incompletely characterized. New\u2010onset retro\u2010orbital headache may represent a clinical red flag requiring further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT07479212\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/prm\/4241103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:22:06Z","timestamp":1791354126000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence and Clinical Phenotypes of Headache in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody\u2010Associated Disease: The MOGHEAD Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7101-0949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Assunta","family":"Bianco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla \u201cAnna Paola Batocchi\u201d Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Faculty of Medicine and Surgery  Largo A Gemelli 8 Rome Lazio IT 00168 Italy"},{"name":"Neurology Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Largo A Gemelli 8 Rome IT 00168 Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0447-2297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Lucchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla \u201cAnna Paola Batocchi\u201d Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Faculty of Medicine and Surgery  Largo A Gemelli 8 Rome Lazio IT 00168 Italy"},{"name":"Neurology Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Largo A Gemelli 8 Rome IT 00168 Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5029-8354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Costanza","family":"Sottani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla \u201cAnna Paola Batocchi\u201d Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Faculty of Medicine and Surgery  Largo A Gemelli 8 Rome Lazio IT 00168 Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4356-3201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Cicia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Multipla \u201cAnna Paola Batocchi\u201d Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Faculty of Medicine and Surgery  Largo A Gemelli 8 Rome Lazio IT 00168 Italy"},{"name":"Neurology Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS  Largo A Gemelli 8 Rome IT 00168 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