{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T10:58:14Z","timestamp":1785322694242,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":209,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Research and Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the clinical outcomes and safety of two peripheral branch radiofrequency thermocoagulation techniques\u2014infraorbital nerve radiofrequency thermocoagulation (ION\u2010RFT) and maxillary nerve radiofrequency thermocoagulation (MN\u2010RFT)\u2014guided by diagnostic block responses in a retrospective cohort of patients with primary V2 trigeminal neuralgia (TN), and to assess perioperative outcomes, including operative time, hospital stay, and healthcare costs, within this treatment pathway.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective study included 92 patients with primary V2 TN treated at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between April 2021 and April 2024. All diagnostic nerve blocks were performed in the outpatient setting prior to hospital admission. Based on the diagnostic block responses, patients were divided into two groups: those who responded positively to the infraorbital nerve block received ION\u2010RFT,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200945, and those who did not respond to the infraorbital block but subsequently responded to the maxillary nerve block received MN\u2010RFT,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200947. Pain intensity was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12\u2009months posttreatment. Recurrence rates were recorded at the same follow\u2010up intervals. Operative time was extracted from surgical records. Hospital stay, total healthcare costs, and complications were evaluated at the time of discharge.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both treatment modalities resulted in significant postoperative pain reduction compared with baseline (within\u2010group effect, both\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). The incidence of postoperative complications and recurrence rates at all follow\u2010up time points did not differ significantly between the two groups (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05). In terms of perioperative metrics, patients undergoing ION\u2010RFT had significantly shorter operative time (30.020\u2009\u00b1\u200911.957\u2009min vs. 35.660\u2009\u00b1\u200910.602\u2009min,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.019) and shorter hospital stay (2.130\u2009\u00b1\u20091.200\u2009days vs. 2.790\u2009\u00b1\u20091.610\u2009days,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.030) compared with those undergoing MN\u2010RFT, while total healthcare costs did not differ significantly between the two groups (5086.770\u2009\u00b1\u20091246.540 Yuan vs. 4988.250\u2009\u00b1\u20091144.350 Yuan,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.694). Regarding pain outcomes, VAS scores in the ION\u2010RFT group showed a gradual increase from the immediate postoperative period to the 6\u2010month follow\u2010up, while scores in the MN\u2010RFT group remained relatively stable during this period (approach\u2009\u00d7\u2009time interaction,\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094.000,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.019); however, the difference in VAS scores between the two groups at 6\u2009months did not reach statistical significance (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.057).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with primary V2 TN, diagnostic block\u2010guided selection of ION\u2010RFT or MN\u2010RFT is a safe and viable treatment. Both techniques offer comparable pain relief, complications, and recurrence rates. ION\u2010RFT provides shorter operative time and hospital stay, reflecting faster recovery, while healthcare costs are similar between groups. These findings support a diagnostic block\u2010guided strategy that enables appropriately selected patients to receive a less invasive procedure without compromising efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/prm\/4938776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T09:58:26Z","timestamp":1785319106000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Peripheral Branch Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation for Primary V2 Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Retrospective Cohort Study Guided by Diagnostic Nerve 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