{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T09:20:41Z","timestamp":1787995241522,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":240,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Research and Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with neuropathic pain frequently experience impaired sleep quality. The systemic immune\u2010inflammation index (SII) is a readily available blood\u2010based inflammatory marker, but its association with sleep disturbance in neuropathic pain patients remains insufficiently defined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This single\u2010center prospective longitudinal observational cohort study enrolled 135 patients aged 40\u201365\u2009years with neuropathic pain confirmed by the DN4 questionnaire, disease duration of 6\u201312\u2009months, and pain inadequately controlled by conventional medication. Baseline severe sleep disturbance was defined using a prespecified severity\u2010based threshold of PSQI &gt;\u200910. Fasting blood and first\u2010morning spot urine samples were collected at baseline and at the 1\u2010month follow\u2010up after PRF. SII was calculated as platelet count\n                      <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                      neutrophil count\/lymphocyte count. Native urinary melatonin concentration was measured by ELISA and reported as an unadjusted spot urine concentration. The primary analysis evaluated the association between baseline SII and severe sleep\u2010disturbance status; post\u2010PRF changes were interpreted as within\u2010subject temporal changes because no control group was included.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At baseline, 73 of 135 patients met the prespecified criterion for severe sleep disturbance. Compared to the nonsevere group, the severe group had higher baseline SII (803.03\u2009\u00b1\u2009111.45 vs. 604.21\u2009\u00b1\u2009164.29,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) and lower urinary melatonin concentration (8.32\u2009\u00b1\u20092.17 vs. 9.61\u2009\u00b1\u20092.72,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.006). At the 1\u2010month follow\u2010up, severe sleep\u2010disturbance status was present in 9 patients (McNemar test,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). SII decreased, and urinary melatonin concentration increased in both baseline severity groups (all within\u2010group\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). In a limited multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for available baseline covariates, baseline SII was associated with severe sleep\u2010disturbance status (adjusted OR per 1\u2010unit increase: 1.011; 95% CI: 1.007\u20131.014;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Exploratory ROC analysis yielded an apparent in\u2010sample AUC of 0.833.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher baseline SII was associated with severe sleep\u2010disturbance status in this mixed neuropathic pain cohort. The observed longitudinal changes after PRF should be interpreted cautiously as within\u2010subject temporal changes rather than PRF\u2010specific effects. The findings are exploratory and do not establish causality, a direct inflammatory mechanism, or validated predictive performance.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      Chinese Registry of Clinical Trials: ChiCTR2500103587\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/prm\/7604030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T09:12:05Z","timestamp":1787994725000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of Baseline Systemic Immune\u2010Inflammation Index With Severe Sleep Disturbance in Patients With Neuropathic Pain: A Prospective Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7251-0075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jialei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5789-9676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-025-00638-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13243689"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121231218985"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-025-01384-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1532343"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-024-01294-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1006-9852.2024.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.668930"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S414174"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2024.101761"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1157790"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-2593-4_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2022.101614"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2023.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-19-7376-5_12"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.02.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain-2021-0112"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003279"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2022.11.013"}],"container-title":["Pain 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