{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:47:37Z","timestamp":1791478057579,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":47,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Research and Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the effects of music therapy, inhalation aromatherapy, and their combination on pain intensity, anxiety, and fear in patients undergoing coronary angiography.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This randomized controlled trial included 128 patients assigned to four groups: control, music therapy, aromatherapy, and combined music\u2009+\u2009aromatherapy. Interventions were applied 5\u201310\u2009min before the procedure and continued during angiography. Visual analog scales for assessing pain (VAS\u2010P), anxiety (VAS\u2010A), and fear (VAS\u2010F), and the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) were assessed pre\u2010 and postprocedure. Data were analyzed using mixed\u2010design ANOVA to examine time, group, and time\u2009\u00d7\u2009group effects, and effect sizes (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) were calculated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant time\u2009\u00d7\u2009group interactions were found for pain (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.205), fear (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.527), anxiety (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.550), and state anxiety (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.546) (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). All intervention groups showed greater reductions in pain, anxiety, and fear compared with the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). No significant differences were observed among the three intervention groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05), although the combined intervention yielded the largest improvements.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Music therapy and inhalation aromatherapy reduce pain, anxiety, and fear in patients undergoing coronary angiography effectively and can be recommended as nonpharmacological nursing interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      ClinicalTrials.gov.: NCT05622383\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/prm\/9447650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T06:58:34Z","timestamp":1771397914000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of Music Therapy and Inhalation Aromatherapy on Pain Intensity, Anxiety, and Fear Levels in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0618-1116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatma","family":"G\u00fcr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0061-9490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fclcan Bahcecioglu","family":"Turan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_2","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990\u20132023","volume":"86","author":"Roth G. 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