{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T09:08:56Z","timestamp":1779440936563,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":141,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005421","name":"Guilan University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5435"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5435"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005421","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Research and Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study compared the analgesic efficacy of diclofenac and ketoprofen transdermal patches versus ibuprofen tablets for pain control following initial archwire placement in orthodontic patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this randomized clinical trial, 60 patients (aged 15\u201330\u2009years) undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment (0.022\u2010inch MBT brackets and 0.014\u2010inch nickel\u2013titanium archwires on both arches) were assigned via stratified permuted block randomization (1:1:1 ratio) to three groups (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200920 each): 30\u2010mg ketoprofen transdermal patches every 12\u2009h, 15\u2010mg diclofenac transdermal patches every 12\u2009h, or 400\u2010mg ibuprofen tablets every 8\u2009h for 1\u2009day. Pain severity was assessed using the numeric rating scale (NRS; 0\u201310) at baseline (immediately postplacement), 2 and 6\u2009h, bedtime, 24 and 48\u2009h, and 3 and 7\u2009days. Data were analyzed by the generalized estimating equation (GEE) and the Kruskal\u2013Wallis, Bonferroni, chi\u2010square, and Fisher\u2019s exact tests (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The pain score was the lowest in the ketoprofen group, followed by the ibuprofen group, and then the diclofenac group, but the difference was not significant (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05). The pain score initially increased after archwire placement to 6\u2009h (from 0 pain in all groups to 2.50\u2009\u00b1\u20091.64, 3.90\u2009\u00b1\u20091.25, and 3.45\u2009\u00b1\u20091.82, respectively, in ketoprofen, diclofenac, and ibuprofen groups). It subsequently decreased until bedtime, increased again at 24\u2009h, and then followed a descending trend from 48\u2009h to 7\u2009days. The trend of change in the pain score over time was not significantly different among the three groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.657). Age (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.757) and gender (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.153) of patients did not affect their perceived pain.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Considering the comparable analgesic efficacy of ibuprofen and the tested transdermal patches, diclofenac and ketoprofen patches may be used as an alternative to ibuprofen tablets for efficient pain control after initial archwire placement.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20190915044771N2\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/prm\/9922008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T08:58:51Z","timestamp":1779440331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Analgesic Efficacy of Diclofenac and Ketoprofen Transdermal Patches Versus Ibuprofen Tablets for Pain Control After Initial Archwire Placement in Orthodontic Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6739-9971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasamin","family":"Babaee Hemmati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4424-5785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amirhossein","family":"Toghrolian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0889-5406(94)70025-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/pmt.15.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjy081"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/2177-6709.24.6.27.e1-7.onl"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-3327.367913"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2011.06.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.2.210"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(86)90045-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(86)90046-6","article-title":"Biochemical Aspects of Orthodontic Tooth Movement. 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A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Makassar Dental Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22541\/au.174582202.28212902\/v1"}],"container-title":["Pain Research and Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/prm\/9922008","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/prm\/9922008","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/prm\/9922008","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T08:58:55Z","timestamp":1779440335000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/prm\/9922008"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Romesh","family":"Nalliah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/prm\/9922008"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/prm\/9922008","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1203-6765","1918-1523"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1203-6765","type":"print"},{"value":"1918-1523","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"9922008"}}