{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T07:01:26Z","timestamp":1780902086370,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":157,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Radiology Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One major limitation of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems is the presence of metallic artifacts. Given the widespread use of metals in dental treatments and the diversity of CBCT designs, this study aimed to compare the effect of aligned and lateral offset detectors on metal artifact formation within the field of view (FOV).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This in vitro cross\u2010sectional study evaluated four CBCT systems\u2014two with aligned and two with lateral offset detectors. A dry human skull phantom was scanned with various metallic objects (a titanium implant, a tooth with a chrome\u2010cobalt post and PFM crown, and a tooth with an amalgam restoration) placed in the FOV in two orientations (same vs. opposite side of the region of interest [ROI]) and in three quantities (1, 2, or 3 objects). A polypropylene tube filled with dipotassium phosphate solution was placed in the right first premolar socket to simulate alveolar bone. Ten axial slices were analyzed using 1.5\u2010mm circular ROIs. Mean gray value (MGV) and standard deviation (SD) were calculated, where higher MGV and lower SD indicate lower artifact severity. Data were analyzed with four\u2010way weighted analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple comparisons were performed using Games\u2013Howell, Bonferroni, and\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010tests (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Detector type, material, object location, and number significantly affected artifact formation. Aligned detectors showed significantly higher MGV and lower SD, indicating reduced artifact severity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Amalgam produced the most severe artifacts, reflected by the lowest MGVs, while cobalt\u2010chromium yielded the highest variability (SD) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.005). Artifacts were more severe when metallic objects were on the same side as the ROI and increased with more objects. Several significant interaction effects were observed (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Detector type, metal composition, and the number and position of metallic objects within the FOV significantly influence artifact formation in CBCT images. Optimizing these factors can reduce artifacts and improve image quality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1155\/rrp\/7326369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T06:54:58Z","timestamp":1780901698000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["What Drives Metal Artifacts in CBCT? A Comparative Study of Detector Types and Metallic Object Configurations"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6512-2901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Vasegh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3200-0905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaser","family":"Safi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9113-1932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mina Iranparvar","family":"Alamdari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0418-5984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katayoun","family":"Ghaffari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9488-369X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Hosseinzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.17096\/jiufd.00289","article-title":"Cone Beam Computed Tomography: Basics and Applications in Dentistry","volume":"51","author":"Venkatesh E.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.2014suppl.g1.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-018-0523-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119136194.ch6","article-title":"CT\/CBCT Diagnosis and Treatment Planning Concepts for Bone Grafting Applications","author":"Ganz S. 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Comparative Study of Analytical Metal Artifact Reduction Methods in CT Imaging 2021."}],"container-title":["Radiology Research and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/rrp\/7326369","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/rrp\/7326369","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/rrp\/7326369","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T06:55:02Z","timestamp":1780901702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/rrp\/7326369"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Kuo Feng","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/rrp\/7326369"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/rrp\/7326369","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-1941","2090-195X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-1941","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-195X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-11-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"7326369"}}