{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T22:10:03Z","timestamp":1723068603910},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2556,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2556,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Signal transduction plays a vital role in cellular behaviour as cells respond to various stimuli in different ways and utilize diverse pathways for accomplishing their task. Determination of the pathway followed by various cytokines can be achieved using specific inhibitors which include theophylline (TPH), TMB\u20108 and W7 that hinder calmodulin binding to Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>; sphingosine (SPH), H7 and staurosporine that inhibit protein kinase C (PKC) activation; and mevalonate (MEV) or the anti\u2010p21<jats:sup>ras<\/jats:sup> antibody which block G\u2010proteins. This study shows that the immunologically important class II antigens in human cells are up\u2010regulated predominately via the same pathway after gamma\u2010interferon (\u03b3\u2010IFN) treatment, whereas murine cells are activated by other signalling routes. Thus, the calcium\/calmodulin (Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\/Cam) pathway is preferentially selected for human cells whereas the PKC pathway is more often chosen for murine cells. These findings are firmly supported by other reports and show, in addition, a unique action exerted by \u03b3\u2010IFN, since IL\u20104, another inducer of class II antigen expression, uses different pathways. This diversity of activation reveals the existence of a previously unknown complicated network of intracellular interactions able to regulate the same phenotype or cellular event. As major histocompatibility complex antigens (MHC) or human leukocyte antigens (HLA), are important in immune recognition and response, the results show that for human cells a more coherent method of HLA\u2010DR antigen induction is followed after \u03b3\u2010IFN administration, as calcium participation seems to be the first step in signal transduction. The same T\u2010cell derived lymphokine, however, follows a totally different route when applied to murine cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/s096293519300047x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,14]],"date-time":"2007-03-14T11:13:55Z","timestamp":1173870835000},"page":"343-348","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigation of intracellular signals generated by \u03b3\u2010interferon and IL\u20104 leading to the induction of class II antigen expression"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Vassiliadis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Kyrpides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Stravopodis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Grigoriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Athanassakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Papamatheakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]},"container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/1993\/739021.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/S096293519300047X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T21:52:31Z","timestamp":1723067551000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/S096293519300047X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/S096293519300047X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/s096293519300047x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-9351","1466-1861"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0962-9351"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1466-1861"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2000-01-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}