{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T19:27:38Z","timestamp":1757705258392},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic> Bacterial vaginosis is a common gynecologic infection that has been associated with a variety of\ngynecologic and obstetric complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease, postabortal infection and premature\ndelivery. Recent studies suggest that bacterial vaginosis may increase a woman\u2019s risk for human immunodeficiency\nvirus (HIV). We undertook this study to assess whether the prevalence and characteristics of bacterial\nvaginosis differed according to HIV status in high\u2010risk US women.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was assessed by Gram\u2019s stain and clinical criteria for 854 HIV\u2010infected\nand 434 HIV\u2010uninfected women enrolled in the HIV Epidemiology Research (HER) Study.Multiple logistic regression\ntechniques were used to determine whether HIV infection independently predicted bacterial vaginosis.\n<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic>  Almost half (46%) the women had bacterial vaginosis by Gram\u2019s stain. The prevalence of bacterial\nvaginosis was 47% in the HIV\u2010positive women compared with 44% in the HIV\u2010negativewomen; this difference was\nnot statistically significant (p = 0.36). After adjustment for other covariates, HIV\u2010positive women were more likely\nthan HIV\u2010negative women to have bacterial vaginosis (odds ratio (OR) 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI)\n1.01\u20101.70) by Gram\u2032s stain but not by clinical criteria (OR 1.16; CI 0.87\u20101.55). Among HIV\u2010positive women, use of\nantiretroviral drugs was associated with a lower prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (adjusted OR 0.54; Cl\n0.38 \u20100.77).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic> In this cross\u2010sectional analysis of high\u2010risk US women, HIV infection was positively correlated with\nbacterial vaginosis diagnosed by Gram\u2019s stain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/s1064744901000242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,7]],"date-time":"2007-03-07T13:08:38Z","timestamp":1173272918000},"page":"133-141","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["A Multicenter Study of Bacterial Vaginosis in Women With orat Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Dora","family":"Warren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Sobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Burney","family":"Kieke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Schuman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Cu-Uvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise J.","family":"Jamieson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Holmberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Duerr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,28]]},"container-title":["Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/idog\/2001\/143149.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/idog\/2001\/143149.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/S1064744901000242","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T20:01:19Z","timestamp":1723060879000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/S1064744901000242"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/S1064744901000242"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/s1064744901000242","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-7449"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1064-7449"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2001-04-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-05-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-05-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}