{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T16:47:31Z","timestamp":1790527651430,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective:<\/jats:italic> To investigate whether clinical criteria could differentiate between women with vulvovaginitis who\nwere culture positive or negative for vaginal  <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> Vulvovaginal specimens were obtained from 501 women with a vaginal discharge and\/or pruritis.\nClinical information and wet mount microscopy findings were obtained. All specimens were sent to a central\nlaboratory for species identification.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> A positive culture for <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species was obtained from 364 (72.7%) of the specimens. <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> was\nidentified in 86.4% of the positive cultures, followed by <jats:italic>C. glabrata<\/jats:italic> in 4.5%, <jats:italic>C. parapsilosis<\/jats:italic> in 3.9%, <jats:italic>C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic> in\n2.7% and other <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>  species in 1.4%.Women with a positive <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> culture had an increased utilization of oral\ncontraceptives (26.1% vs. 16.8%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.02) and antibiotics (8.2% vs. 0.7%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001), and were more likely to\nbe pregnant (9.1% vs. 3.6%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.04) than the culture\u2010negative women. Dyspareunia was more frequent in\nwomen without <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> (38.0% vs. 28.3%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.03) while vaginal erythema (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =  0.01) was more common in\nwomen with a positive <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> culture.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic> Although quantitative differences were observed, the presence of vaginal <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> vulvovaginitis\ncannot be definitively identified by clinical criteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/s1064744901000369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,7]],"date-time":"2007-03-07T13:08:38Z","timestamp":1173272918000},"page":"221-225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Differentiation Between Women With Vulvovaginal SymptomsWho are Positive or Negative for <i>Candida<\/i> Species by Culture"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Iara M.","family":"Linhares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven S.","family":"Witkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirlei D.","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela M.","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose A.","family":"Pinotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Ledger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,18]]},"container-title":["Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/idog\/2001\/369838.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/idog\/2001\/369838.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/S1064744901000369","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T19:49:02Z","timestamp":1723060142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/S1064744901000369"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/S1064744901000369"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/s1064744901000369","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1064-7449"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1064-7449","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2001-03-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-07-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-07-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}