{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:53:11Z","timestamp":1791463991207,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":280,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFD1800505"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFD1800505"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFD1301902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD1301902"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) remains one of the most economically significant viral diseases affecting the global swine industry, and currently available commercial vaccines provide only limited protection against circulating PRRS virus (PRRSV) strains. Therefore, alternative vaccination strategies are urgently needed to enhance protection against PRRSV infection. In this study, selected antigenic regions derived from the PRRSV structural proteins GP3, GP4, GP5, and M were incorporated into a\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010annulus peptide\u2010based nanoparticle scaffold derived from tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), and the resulting construct was further fused with the immunostimulatory molecule OX40L. The resulting OX40L\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010MEs protein formed nanoscale particles and was evaluated for immunogenicity and protective efficacy in piglets. Immunization with the OX40L\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010MEs nanoparticle vaccine induced measurable PRRSV\u2010specific humoral responses and cellular immune\u2010related responses in piglets. Following the challenge with the NADC30\u2010like PRRSV strain GX\u20103264, piglets in the OX40L\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010MEs group showed shorter fever duration, reduced serum viremia and lung viral loads, and milder pulmonary lesions compared with PBS controls. In summary, these findings demonstrate that the\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010annulus\u2010based nanoparticle formulation can induce measurable immune responses and provide partial protection against NADC30\u2010like PRRSV challenge, supporting further evaluation of this strategy for PRRSV vaccine development.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/2092704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:56:57Z","timestamp":1791460617000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Self\u2010Assembling\n                    <i>\u03b2<\/i>\n                    \u2010Annulus Nanoparticle Vaccine Incorporating OX40L Confers Partial Protection Against NADC30\u2010Like PRRSV in Piglets"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Linxing","family":"Tian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan 430070 Hubei China  hzau.edu.cn"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan 430070 Hubei China  hzau.edu.cn"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengdan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan 430070 Hubei China  hzau.edu.cn"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan 430070 Hubei China  hzau.edu.cn"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei 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430070 Hubei China  hzau.edu.cn"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production  Wuhan 430070 Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1412-5069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangmin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan 430070 Hubei China  hzau.edu.cn"},{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine Huazhong Agricultural University  Wuhan 430070 Hubei China  hzau.edu.cn"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production  Wuhan 430070 Hubei China"},{"name":"Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory  Wuhan 430200 Hubei 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