{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T07:01:21Z","timestamp":1784617281102,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":200,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32102682"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32102682"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022M721391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M721391"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transboundary and Emerging Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging enteric coronavirus that causes substantial morbidity in swine and may pose a zoonotic risk because of its cross\u2010species transmission potential. Type I interferon (IFN\u2010I) signaling is central to antiviral defense, initiated through the mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)\u2013TBK1\u2013IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) axis and executed by the downstream JAK\u2013STAT1\u2013STAT2\u2013IRF9 (ISGF3) pathway; however, how PDCoV circumvents both the induction and effector arms of this cascade remains incompletely understood. Here, we identify PDCoV nonstructural protein 13 (Nsp13) as a potent antagonist of IFN\u2010I responses. Ectopic expression of Nsp13 markedly reduces IFN\u2010\u03b2 production and the expression of IFN\u2010stimulated genes (ISGs, such as ISG56 and CXCL10). Mechanistically, Nsp13 directly binds the C\u2010terminal domain (CTD) of TBK1 and competitively disrupts TBK1 interactions with IRF3 and MAVS. In addition, Nsp13 preferentially binds IRF9 and impairs its nuclear translocation, thereby inhibiting IFN\u2010\u03b1\u2013induced signaling. Notably, PDCoV Nsp13 exhibits a host\u2010target binding profile similar to that of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Nsp13, yet it does not alter TBK1 ubiquitination or protein stability. Collectively, these findings reveal a dual\u2010layer immune evasion strategy whereby PDCoV Nsp13 suppresses both IFN induction and downstream signaling, and highlighting Nsp13 as a potential target for antiviral intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/3676642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T06:05:56Z","timestamp":1784613956000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Porcine Deltacoronavirus Nsp13 Suppresses the Assembly of the MAVS\u2010TBK1\u2010IRF3 Complex and IRF9 Nuclear Translocation"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6540-4831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9351-2732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shijin","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenghui","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shixing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5495-2926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2661-2067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenglin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9352-6153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0411-7774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Likai","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12010011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.06540-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msaa117"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2009.140756"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04111-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1068449"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1870414"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2016.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00003-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2021.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2019.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100684"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13345\/j.cjb.240039"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2025.110735"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-025-04851-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15060865"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3581"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3588"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02028-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa2630"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)00053-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1801110"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2008.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1000-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0288-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/jkst.27521"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2017.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.107705"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02787-24"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1457255"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00163-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-102215-095605"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2013.01.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_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