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In recent years, the geographic distribution of PRRSV\u20101 has been expanding, further complicating epidemic prevention and control. In 2025, two PRRSV\u20101 strains were successfully isolated from lung tissue samples of deceased pigs in Jiangxi and Shandong Provinces of China, named CH\u2010JX\u20102504 and CH\u2010SDTA\u20102506, respectively. Viral isolation was performed using primary porcine alveolar macrophages, and whole\u2010genome sequencing was performed through metagenomic analysis. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain CH\u2010JX\u20102504 belonged to the new subgroup 3, while CH\u2010SDTA\u20102506 clustered within the BJEU06\u20101\u2010like subgroup. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that CH\u2010JX\u20102504 exhibits identical deletion patterns in the Nsp2, GP3, and GP4 proteins with the PRRSV\u20101 reference strain 180900\u20105. In contrast, distinct variations in these three proteins were identified in CH\u2010SDTA\u20102506 compared with other representative PRRSV\u20101 strains, suggesting the emergence of a novel deletion pattern. In vivo challenge experiments showed that both CH\u2010JX\u20102504 and CH\u2010SDTA\u20102506 could induce typical clinical symptoms in piglets, including fever, retarded weight gain, and pathological lesions, including interstitial pneumonia with lymphocyte infiltration, obvious damage to intestinal villi, and disruption of the intestinal microbiota structure. Notably, one piglet in the CH\u2010JX\u20102504 group died at 10 days postinfection (dpi), indicating that CH\u2010JX\u20102504 exhibits higher pathogenicity than CH\u2010SDTA\u20102506. Therefore, strengthened surveillance of PRRSV\u20101 in China is essential to prevent its further spread.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/4674029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T07:20:21Z","timestamp":1787556021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genetic and Pathogenic Characteristics of Novel PRRSV\u20101 Strain CH\u2010JX\u20102504 and CH\u2010SDTA\u20102506 in 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