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Conducted from May 2023 to May 2024 across four districts in Shenzhen, involving 3246 participants, over 80% had received at least one vaccine dose. Postpolicy adjustment witnessed three significant infection surges. Among the cohort, 63.7% reported only one Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) infection, 30.3% two infections, and 1.7% three infections, with 4.3% remaining uninfected throughout the follow\u2010up. Older adults and those with lower IgG levels had increased reinfection risk. Notably, 3.8% (95% CI: 3.1\u20134.6) reported long COVID, with higher susceptibility in those with underlying conditions (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]\u2009=\u20093.73, 95% CI: 2.20\u20136.34) and reduced incidence among fully vaccinated individuals (AOR\u2009=\u20090.57, 95% CI: 0.36\u20130.90). The policy change led to widespread exposure, shifting from first infections to reinfections. 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