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Wildlife\u2013livestock interfaces are increasingly recognized as key settings for pathogen spillover, yet molecular epidemiological data from Xinjiang, China, remain limited. In this study, 191 fecal samples were collected from wild rodents and sympatric artiodactyls on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Bortala Prefecture, Xinjiang. Nested PCR targeting the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene of\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of\n                    <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic>\n                    was performed, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. Selected\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010positive samples were further characterized at the\n                    <jats:italic>actin<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>hsp70<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes. Overall,\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. and\n                    <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic>\n                    were detected in 5.8% (11\/191) and 4.2% (8\/191) of samples, respectively. Four\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    genotypes were identified, including chipmunk genotype V, ground squirrel genotype II,\n                    <jats:italic>C. rubeyi<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>C. xiaoi<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Rodent\u2010adapted genotypes predominated in long\u2010tailed ground squirrels and gray marmots, whereas\n                    <jats:italic>C. xiaoi<\/jats:italic>\n                    was detected in yak. While SSU rRNA and\n                    <jats:italic>actin<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes showed consistent clustering for several isolates, discordant phylogenetic signals at the\n                    <jats:italic>hsp70<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene suggested the possibility of coinfections. Four\n                    <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic>\n                    genotypes were identified, including the zoonotic genotypes A, BEB6, XJHT4, as well as a novel genotype, XJWR1. The detection of genotype A in both rodents and sheep suggests potential interspecies transmission occurring at shared grazing sites. These findings expand the molecular evidence on\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. and\n                    <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic>\n                    in Xinjiang and highlight wildlife\u2013livestock interfaces as potential hotspots for pathogen exchange in transboundary pastoral ecosystems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/tbed\/5702480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T15:22:34Z","timestamp":1776352954000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular Characterization and Zoonotic Potential of\n                    <i>Cryptosporidium<\/i>\n                    spp. and\n                    <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi<\/i>\n                    in Wild Rodents and Sympatric Livestock in Xinjiang, China"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Yuman","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haowen","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongying","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1974-0047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianping","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7586-8849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanyan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5838-3823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7500-022X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanzhi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2024.2406276"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2021.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2021.100364"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpara.2024.1448076"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-021-04700-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11686-021-00447-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-93306-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2018009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2021.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2020.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315112"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026881100077X"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab949"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241612867"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2024073"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2015.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121165"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1426384"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2019.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2024.107160"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19821\/j.1671-2781.2021.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jeu.12687"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13604\/j.cnki.46-1064\/r.2016.08.07"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2002)088[0388:MPAERO]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Molecular 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